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Sangmin Lee

Sangmin Lee contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

12 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

GRASP: Learning to Ground Social Reasoning in Multi-Person Non-Verbal Interactions

Understanding social interactions requires reasoning over subtle non-verbal cues, yet current multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often fail to identify who interacts with whom in multi-person videos. We introduce GRASP, a large-scale social reasoning dataset that connects high-level social QA with fine-grained gaze and deictic gesture events. GRASP contains 290K question--answer pairs over 46K videos totaling 749 hours, organized by a 16-category taxonomy spanning gaze, gesture, and joint gaze--gesture reasoning, together with GRASP-Bench for evaluation. Unlike prior resources that focus on either isolated cues or high-level social QA, GRASP builds questions from identity-consistent gaze trajectories, deictic gestures, and their joint compositions into social events. Moreover, we propose Social Grounding Reward (SGR), a learning signal that uses these social events to encourage models to reason about the participants involved in each interaction. Experiments show that SGR improves performance on GRASP-Bench while maintaining zero-shot performance on related social video QA benchmarks.

preprint2022arXiv

Heteroepitaxial control of Fermi liquid, Hund metal, and Mott insulator phases in the single-atomic-layer limit

Interfaces between dissimilar correlated oxides can offer devices with versatile functionalities. In that respect, manipulating and measuring novel physical properties of oxide heterointerfaces are highly desired. Yet, despite extensive studies, obtaining direct information on their momentum-resolved electronic structure remains a great challenge. This is because most correlated interfacial phenomena appear within a few atomic layers from the interface, thus limiting the application of available experimental probes. Here, we utilize atomic-scale epitaxy and photoemission spectroscopy to demonstrate the interface control of correlated electronic phases in atomic-scale ruthenate--titanate heterostructures. While bulk SrRuO$_3$ is a ferromagnetic metal, the heterointerfaces exclusively realize three distinct correlated phases in the single-atomic-layer limit. Our theory reveals that atomic-scale structural proximity effects lead to the emergence of Fermi liquid, Hund metal, and Mott insulator phases in the quantum-confined SrRuO$_3$. These results highlight the extensive interfacial tunability of electronic phases, hitherto hidden in the atomically thin correlated heterostructure.

preprint2022arXiv

OpenStreetMap-based LiDAR Global Localization in Urban Environment without a Prior LiDAR Map

Using publicly accessible maps, we propose a novel vehicle localization method that can be applied without using prior light detection and ranging (LiDAR) maps. Our method generates OSM descriptors by calculating the distances to buildings from a location in OpenStreetMap at a regular angle, and LiDAR descriptors by calculating the shortest distances to building points from the current location at a regular angle. Comparing the OSM descriptors and LiDAR descriptors yields a highly accurate vehicle localization result. Compared to methods that use prior LiDAR maps, our method presents two main advantages: (1) vehicle localization is not limited to only places with previously acquired LiDAR maps, and (2) our method is comparable to LiDAR map-based methods, and especially outperforms the other methods with respect to the top one candidate at KITTI dataset sequence 00.

preprint2022arXiv

Quantum trace map for 3-manifolds and a 'length conjecture'

We introduce a quantum trace map for an ideally triangulated hyperbolic knot complement $S^3\backslash \mathcal{K}$. The map assigns a quantum operator to each element of Kauffmann Skein module of the 3-manifold. The quantum operator lives in a module generated by products of quantized edge parameters of the ideal triangulation modulo some equivalence relations determined by gluing equations. Combining the quantum map with a state-integral model of $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$ Chern-Simons theory, one can define perturbative invariants of knot $K$ in the knot complement whose leading part is determined by its complex hyperbolic length. We then conjecture that the perturbative invariants determine an asymptotic expansion of the Jones polynomial for a link composed of $\mathcal{K}$ and $K$. We propose the explicit quantum trace map for figure-eight knot complement and confirm the length conjecture up to the second order in the asymptotic expansion both numerically and analytically.

preprint2022arXiv

Support Vectors and Gradient Dynamics of Single-Neuron ReLU Networks

Understanding implicit bias of gradient descent for generalization capability of ReLU networks has been an important research topic in machine learning research. Unfortunately, even for a single ReLU neuron trained with the square loss, it was recently shown impossible to characterize the implicit regularization in terms of a norm of model parameters (Vardi & Shamir, 2021). In order to close the gap toward understanding intriguing generalization behavior of ReLU networks, here we examine the gradient flow dynamics in the parameter space when training single-neuron ReLU networks. Specifically, we discover an implicit bias in terms of support vectors, which plays a key role in why and how ReLU networks generalize well. Moreover, we analyze gradient flows with respect to the magnitude of the norm of initialization, and show that the norm of the learned weight strictly increases through the gradient flow. Lastly, we prove the global convergence of single ReLU neuron for $d = 2$ case.

preprint2020arXiv

Comprehensive Facial Expression Synthesis using Human-Interpretable Language

Recent advances in facial expression synthesis have shown promising results using diverse expression representations including facial action units. Facial action units for an elaborate facial expression synthesis need to be intuitively represented for human comprehension, not a numeric categorization of facial action units. To address this issue, we utilize human-friendly approach: use of natural language where language helps human grasp conceptual contexts. In this paper, therefore, we propose a new facial expression synthesis model from language-based facial expression description. Our method can synthesize the facial image with detailed expressions. In addition, effectively embedding language features on facial features, our method can control individual word to handle each part of facial movement. Extensive qualitative and quantitative evaluations were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the natural language.

preprint2019arXiv

"Lagrangian Disks" in M-theory

While the study of bordered (pseudo-)holomorphic curves with boundary on Lagrangian submanifolds has a long history, a similar problem that involves (special) Lagrangian submanifolds with boundary on complex surfaces appears to be largely overlooked in both physics and math literature. We relate this problem to geometry of coassociative submanifolds in $G_2$ holonomy spaces and to $Spin(7)$ metrics on 8-manifolds with $T^2$ fibrations. As an application to physics, we propose a large class of brane models in type IIA string theory that generalize brane brick models on the one hand and 2d theories $T[M_4]$ on the other.

preprint2019arXiv

Noncollinear magnetic sampling method for paramagnetic Mott insulator MnO

We present a new approach based on the static density functional theory (DFT) to describe paramagentic MnO, which is a representative paramagnetic Mott insulator. We appended the spin noncollinearity and the canonical ensemble to the magnetic sampling method (MSM), which is one of the supercell approaches based on disordered local moment model. The combination of the noncollinear MSM (NCMSM) with DFT$+U$ represents a highly favorable computational method called NCMSM$+U$ to accurately determine the paramagnetic properties of MnO with moderate numerical cost. The effects of electron correlations and spin noncollinearity on the properties of MnO were also investigated. We revealed that the spin noncollinearity plays an important role in determining the detailed electronic profile and precise energetics of paramagnetic MnO. Our results illustrate that the NCMSM$+U$ approach may be used as an alternative to the $\textit{ab initio}$ framework of dynamic mean field theory based on DFT in the simulation of the high-temperature properties of Mott insulators.

preprint2010arXiv

Mantis: Predicting System Performance through Program Analysis and Modeling

We present Mantis, a new framework that automatically predicts program performance with high accuracy. Mantis integrates techniques from programming language and machine learning for performance modeling, and is a radical departure from traditional approaches. Mantis extracts program features, which are information about program execution runs, through program instrumentation. It uses machine learning techniques to select features relevant to performance and creates prediction models as a function of the selected features. Through program analysis, it then generates compact code slices that compute these feature values for prediction. Our evaluation shows that Mantis can achieve more than 93% accuracy with less than 10% training data set, which is a significant improvement over models that are oblivious to program features. The system generates code slices that are cheap to compute feature values.

preprint2009arXiv

Holographic Deuteron and Nucleon-Nucleon Potential

We compute the potential between a pair of nucleons in the D4-D8 holographic QCD. In the large 't Hooft coupling limit, $λ\gg 1$, the hadronic size of the baryon is small $\sim 1/\sqrtλM_{KK}$, and their interaction with mesons are well approximated by a set of dimension four and five operators. The nucleon-nucleon potential emerges from one-boson exchange picture involving massless pseudo-scalars and an infinite tower of spin one mesons. We find in particular that $ρ$ meson exchanges are dominated by a dimension five derivative coupling of tensor type, whereas for $ω$ mesons and axial mesons, such tensor couplings are completely absent. The potential is universally repulsive $\sim 1/r^2$ at short distance, and has the usual long-distance attractive behavior $\sim -1/r^3$ along a isosinglet and spin triplet channel. Both the large $N_c$ form and the finite $N_c$ form are given. In the former, a shallow classical minimum of depth $\sim 0.1M_{KK}{N_c/λ}$ forms at around $rM_{KK}\simeq 5.5$.

preprint2009arXiv

Schrodinger invariant solutions of M-theory with Enhanced Supersymmetry

We find the most general solution of 11-dimensional supergravity compatible with N=2 super-Schrodinger symmetry with six supercharges and SU(2) x SU(2) x U(1) x Z_2 global symmetry. It can be viewed as a one-parameter extension of a recently constructed solution by Ooguri and Park. Our original motivation was to find the gravity dual of the non-relativistic ABJM theory. But, our analysis shows that no such solution exists within the reach of our assumptions. We discuss possible reasons for the non-existence of the desired solution. We also uplift a super-Schrodinger solution in IIB supergravity of Donos and Gauntlett to 11-dimension and comment on its properties.

preprint2004arXiv

Holographic cubic vertex in the pp-wave

We revisit the cubic interaction of IIB string theory in the maximally supersymmetric pp-wave background. In the supergravity limit, we show that detailed comparison with AdS supergravity determine the vertex completely. Extension of this supergravity vertex to the full string theory leads to a new cubic vertex that combines the previous proposals and contains additional terms. We give an alternative derivation of the holographic duality map in supergravity, first found by Dobashi and Yoneya (hep-th/0406225) and show that our new vertex is consistent with it. We compare some non-BPS amplitudes (including impurity non-preserving ones) with the corresponding field theory correlators, and discuss what they imply for the stringy generalization of the duality map. We also notice that our vertex realizes the U(1)_Y symmetry linearly, and propose a similar modification for the flat space vertex.