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Lei Cao

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Published work

8 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

MSR:Hybrid Field Modeling for CT-MRI Rigid-Deformable Registration of the Cervical Spine with an Annotated Dataset

Accurate CT-MRI registration of the cervical spine is essential for preoperative planning because this region is anatomically complex,highly variable,and vulnerable to injury of the vertebral arteries and spinal cord. However,cervical CT-MRI registration remains underexplored,particularly for rigid-deformable hybrid modeling,and the lack of high-quality annotated multimodal data further limits progress. To address these challenges, we construct and release a comprehensively annotated CT-MRI dataset, R-D-Reg, and propose MSR, a rigid-deformable hybrid registration framework for complex joint structures. Specifically, MSR includes a rigid registration module for independent local rigid alignment of individual vertebrae and a deformable registration module with an MSL block that combines Mamba-based global modeling and Swin Transformer-based local modeling through adaptive gating. The rigid and deformable deformation fields are then fused to generate a hybrid field that better preserves local anatomical consistency. The code and dataset are publicly available at https://github.com/ssc1230609-spec/MSR-registration.

preprint2022arXiv

Online Discovery of Evolving Groups over Massive-Scale Trajectory Streams

The increasing pervasiveness of object tracking technologies leads to huge volumes of spatiotemporal data collected in the form of trajectory streams. The discovery of useful group patterns from moving objects' movement behaviours in trajectory streams is critical for real-time applications ranging from transportation management to military surveillance. Motivated by this, we first propose a novel pattern, called evolving group, which models the unusual group events of moving objects that travel together within density connected clusters in evolving streaming trajectories. Our theoretical analysis and empirical study on the Osaka Pedestrian data and Beijing Taxi data demonstrate its effectiveness in capturing the development, evolution, and trend of group events of moving objects in streaming context. Moreover, we propose a discovery method that efficiently supports online detection of evolving groups over massive-scale trajectory streams using a sliding window. It contains three phases along with a set of novel optimization techniques designed to minimize the computation costs. Furthermore, to scale to huge workloads over evolving streams, we extend our discovery method to a parallel framework by using a sector-based partition. Our comprehensive empirical study demonstrates that our online discovery framework is effective and efficient on real-world high-volume trajectory streams.

preprint2022arXiv

Parallel Fourier Ptychography reconstruction

Fourier ptychography has attracted a wide range of focus for its ability of large space-bandwidth-produce, and quantative phase measurement. It is a typical computational imaging technique which refers to optimizing both the imaging hardware and reconstruction algorithms simultaneously. The data redundancy and inverse problem algorithms are the sources of FPM's excellent performance. But at the same time, this large amount of data processing and complex algorithms also greatly reduce the imaging speed. In this article, we propose a parallel Fourier ptychography reconstruction framework consisting of three levels of parallel computing parts and implemented it with both central processing unit (CPU) and compute unified device architecture (CUDA) platform. In the conventional FPM reconstruction framework, the sample image is divided into multiple sub-regions for separately processing because the illumination angles for different subregions are varied for the same LED and different subregions contain different defocus distances due to the non-planar distribution or non-ideal posture of biological sample. We first build a parallel computing sub-framework in spatial domain based on the above-mentioned characteristics. And then, by utilizing the sequential characteristics of different spectrum regions to update, a parallel computing sub-framework in the spectrum domain is carried out in our scheme. The feasibility of the proposed parallel FPM reconstruction framework is verified with different experimental results acquired with the system we built.

preprint2022arXiv

Scalable Motif Counting for Large-scale Temporal Graphs

One fundamental problem in temporal graph analysis is to count the occurrences of small connected subgraph patterns (i.e., motifs), which benefits a broad range of real-world applications, such as anomaly detection, structure prediction, and network representation learning. However, existing works focused on exacting temporal motif are not scalable to large-scale temporal graph data, due to their heavy computational costs or inherent inadequacy of parallelism. In this work, we propose a scalable parallel framework for exactly counting temporal motifs in large-scale temporal graphs. We first categorize the temporal motifs based on their distinct properties, and then design customized algorithms that offer efficient strategies to exactly count the motif instances of each category. Moreover, our compact data structures, namely triple and quadruple counters, enable our algorithms to directly identify the temporal motif instances of each category, according to edge information and the relationship between edges, therefore significantly improving the counting efficiency. Based on the proposed counting algorithms, we design a hierarchical parallel framework that features both inter- and intra-node parallel strategies, and fully leverages the multi-threading capacity of modern CPU to concurrently count all temporal motifs. Extensive experiments on sixteen real-world temporal graph datasets demonstrate the superiority and capability of our proposed framework for temporal motif counting, achieving up to 538* speedup compared to the state-of-the-art methods. The source code of our method is available at: https://github.com/steven-ccq/FAST-temporal-motif.

preprint2020arXiv

Hierarchical Graph Matching Network for Graph Similarity Computation

Graph edit distance / similarity is widely used in many tasks, such as graph similarity search, binary function analysis, and graph clustering. However, computing the exact graph edit distance (GED) or maximum common subgraph (MCS) between two graphs is known to be NP-hard. In this paper, we propose the hierarchical graph matching network (HGMN), which learns to compute graph similarity from data. HGMN is motivated by the observation that two similar graphs should also be similar when they are compressed into more compact graphs. HGMN utilizes multiple stages of hierarchical clustering to organize a graph into successively more compact graphs. At each stage, the earth mover distance (EMD) is adopted to obtain a one-to-one mapping between the nodes in two graphs (on which graph similarity is to be computed), and a correlation matrix is also derived from the embeddings of the nodes in the two graphs. The correlation matrices from all stages are used as input for a convolutional neural network (CNN), which is trained to predict graph similarity by minimizing the mean squared error (MSE). Experimental evaluation on 4 datasets in different domains and 4 performance metrics shows that HGMN consistently outperforms existing baselines in the accuracy of graph similarity approximation.

preprint2016arXiv

Partitions of Equiangular Tight Frames

We present a new efficient algorithm to construct partitions of a special class of equiangular tight frames (ETFs) that satisfy the operator norm bound established by a theorem of Marcus, Spielman, and Srivastava (MSS), which they proved as a corollary yields a positive solution to the Kadison-Singer problem. In particular, we prove that certain diagonal partitions of complex ETFs generated by recursive skew-symmetric conference matrices yield a refinement of the MSS bound. Moreover, we prove that all partitions of ETFs whose largest subset has cardinality three or less also satisfy the MSS bound.

preprint2014arXiv

Monte Carlo Simulation of Indoor External Exposure due to Gamma-emitting Radionuclides in Building Materials

The use of building materials containing naturally occurring radionuclides,such as K-40, U-238 and Th-232 and their progeny, could lead to external exposures of the residents of such buildings. In this paper, a set of models are set up to calculate the specific effective dose rates(the effective dose rate per Bq/kg of K-40, U-238 series, and Th-232 series) imposed to residents by building materials with MCNPX code. Effect of chemical composition, position concerned in the room and thickness as well as density of material is analyzed. In order to facilitate more precise assessment of indoor external dose due to gamma emitting radionuclides in building materials, three regressive expressions are proposed and validated by measured data to calculate specific effective rate for K-40, U-238 series and Th-232 series, respectively.