BZPEER

preprint2026arXiv

Covering Human Action Space for Computer Use: Data Synthesis and Benchmark

Computer-use agents (CUAs) automate on-screen work, as illustrated by GPT-5.4 and Claude. Yet their reliability on complex, low-frequency interactions is still poor, limiting user trust. Our analysis of failure cases from advanced models suggests a long-tail pattern in GUI operations, where a relatively small fraction of complex and diverse interactions accounts for a disproportionate share of task failures. We hypothesize that this issue largely stems from the scarcity of data for complex interactions. To address this problem, we propose a new benchmark CUActSpot for evaluating models' capabilities on complex interactions across five modalities: GUI, text, table, canvas, and natural image, as well as a variety of actions (click, drag, draw, etc.), covering a broader range of interaction types than prior click-centric benchmarks that focus mainly on GUI widgets. We also design a renderer-based data-synthesis pipeline: scenes are automatically generated for each modality, screenshots and element coordinates are recorded, and an LLM produces matching instructions and action traces. After training on this corpus, our Phi-Ground-Any-4B outperforms open-source models with fewer than 32B parameters. We will release our benchmark, data, code, and models at https://github.com/microsoft/Phi-Ground.git

preprint2026arXiv

EmbodiSkill: Skill-Aware Reflection for Self-Evolving Embodied Agents

Embodied agents can benefit from skills that guide object search, action execution, and state changes across diverse environments. Since embodied environments vary across layouts, object states, and other execution factors, these skills must self-evolve from trajectories generated during task execution. However, existing skill self-evolution methods are mainly developed in digital environments and often convert trajectories into coarse skill updates. Directly applying this paradigm to embodied settings is problematic, because a failed task execution may reflect not only incorrect skill content, but also an execution lapse in which the agent fails to follow valid guidance. We propose EmbodiSkill, a training-free framework for embodied skill self-evolution through skill-aware reflection and targeted revision. EmbodiSkill interprets each trajectory with respect to the current skill, uses skill-changing evidence to update the skill body, and uses execution-lapse evidence to preserve and emphasize valid guidance. Experiments on ALFWorld and EmbodiedBench show that EmbodiSkill consistently improves embodied task success. On ALFWorld, EmbodiSkill enables a frozen Qwen3.5-27B executor to reach 93.28% task success, outperforming GPT-5.2 used as a direct agent without skills by 31.58%. These results show that skill-aware self-evolution helps embodied agents accumulate reusable procedural knowledge from their own trajectories.

preprint2026arXiv

Geometry Conflict: Explaining and Controlling Forgetting in LLM Continual Post-Training

Continual post-training aims to extend large language models (LLMs) with new knowledge, skills, and behaviors, yet it remains unclear when sequential updates enable capability transfer and when they cause catastrophic forgetting. Existing methods mitigate forgetting through sequential fine-tuning, replay, regularization, or model merging, but offer limited criteria for determining when incorporating new updates is beneficial or harmful. In this work, we study LLM continual post-training through three questions: What drives forgetting? When do sequentially acquired capabilities transfer or interfere? How can compatibility be used to control update integration? We address these questions through task geometry: we represent each post-training task by its parameter update and study the covariance geometry induced by the update. Our central finding is that: forgetting can be considered as a state-relative update-integration failure, it arises when the covariance geometries induced by tasks misalign with the geometry of the evolving model state. Sequential updates transfer when they remain compatible with the model state shaped by previous updates, and interfere when state-relative geometry conflict becomes high. Motivated by this finding, we propose Geometry-Conflict Wasserstein Merging (GCWM), a data-free update-integration method that constructs a shared Wasserstein metric via Gaussian Wasserstein barycenters and uses geometry conflict to gate geometry-aware correction. Across Qwen3 0.6B--14B on domain-continual and capability-continual settings, GCWM consistently outperforms data-free baselines, improving retention and final performance without replay data. These results identify geometry conflict as both an explanatory signal for forgetting and a practical control signal for LLM continual post-training.

preprint2026arXiv

GUITester: Enabling GUI Agents for Exploratory Defect Discovery

Exploratory GUI testing is essential for software quality but suffers from high manual costs. While Multi-modal Large Language Model (MLLM) agents excel in navigation, they fail to autonomously discover defects due to two core challenges: \textit{Goal-Oriented Masking}, where agents prioritize task completion over reporting anomalies, and \textit{Execution-Bias Attribution}, where system defects are misidentified as agent errors. To address these, we first introduce \textbf{GUITestBench}, the first interactive benchmark for this task, featuring 143 tasks across 26 defects. We then propose \textbf{GUITester}, a multi-agent framework that decouples navigation from verification via two modules: (i) a \textit{Planning-Execution Module (PEM)} that proactively probes for defects via embedded testing intents, and (ii) a \textit{Hierarchical Reflection Module (HRM)} that resolves attribution ambiguity through interaction history analysis. GUITester achieves an F1-score of 48.90\% (Pass@3) on GUITestBench, outperforming state-of-the-art baselines (33.35\%). Our work demonstrates the feasibility of autonomous exploratory testing and provides a robust foundation for future GUI quality assurance~\footnote{Our code is now available in~\href{https://github.com/ADaM-BJTU/GUITestBench}{https://github.com/ADaM-BJTU/GUITestBench}}.

preprint2026arXiv

MedHopQA: A Disease-Centered Multi-Hop Reasoning Benchmark and Evaluation Framework for LLM-Based Biomedical Question Answering

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) in the biomedical domain requires benchmarks that can distinguish reasoning from pattern matching and remain discriminative as model capabilities improve. Existing biomedical question answering (QA) benchmarks are limited in this respect. Multiple-choice formats can allow models to succeed through answer elimination rather than inference, while widely circulated exam-style datasets are increasingly vulnerable to performance saturation and training data contamination. Multi-hop reasoning, defined as the ability to integrate information across multiple sources to derive an answer, is central to clinically meaningful tasks such as diagnostic support, literature-based discovery, and hypothesis generation, yet remains underrepresented in current biomedical QA benchmarks. MedHopQA is a disease-centered multi-hop reasoning benchmark consisting of 1,000 expert-curated question-answer pairs introduced as a shared task at BioCreative IX. Each question requires synthesis of information across two distinct Wikipedia articles, and answers are provided in an open-ended free-text format. Gold annotations are augmented with ontology-grounded synonym sets from MONDO, NCBI Gene, and NCBI Taxonomy to support both lexical and concept-level evaluation. MedHopQA was constructed through a structured process combining human annotation, triage, iterative verification, and LLM-as-a-judge validation. To reduce leaderboard gaming and contamination risk, the 1,000 scored questions are embedded within a publicly downloadable set of 10,000 questions, with answers withheld, on a CodaBench leaderboard. MedHopQA provides both a benchmark and a reusable framework for constructing future biomedical QA datasets that prioritize compositional reasoning, saturation resistance, and contamination resistance as core design constraints.

preprint2026arXiv

SLAM-LLM: A Modular, Open-Source Multimodal Large Language Model Framework and Best Practice for Speech, Language, Audio and Music Processing

The recent surge in open-source Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) frameworks, such as LLaVA, provides a convenient kickoff for artificial intelligence developers and researchers. However, most of the MLLM frameworks take vision as the main input modality, and provide limited in-depth support for the modality of speech, audio, and music. This situation hinders the development of audio-language models, and forces researchers to spend a lot of effort on code writing and hyperparameter tuning. We present SLAM-LLM, an open-source deep learning framework designed to train customized MLLMs, focused on speech, language, audio, and music processing. SLAM-LLM provides a modular configuration of different encoders, projectors, LLMs, and parameter-efficient fine-tuning plugins. SLAM-LLM also includes detailed training and inference recipes for mainstream tasks, along with high-performance checkpoints like LLM-based Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Automated Audio Captioning (AAC), and Music Captioning (MC). Some of these recipes have already reached or are nearing state-of-the-art performance, and some relevant techniques have also been accepted by academic papers. We hope SLAM-LLM will accelerate iteration, development, data engineering, and model training for researchers. We are committed to continually pushing forward audio-based MLLMs through this open-source framework, and call on the community to contribute to the LLM-based speech, audio and music processing.

preprint2026arXiv

SOAR: Real-Time Joint Optimization of Order Allocation and Robot Scheduling in Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems

Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems (RMFS) rely on mobile robots for automated inventory transportation, coordinating order allocation and robot scheduling to enhance warehousing efficiency. However, optimizing RMFS is challenging due to strict real-time constraints and the strong coupling of multi-phase decisions. Existing methods either decompose the problem into isolated sub-tasks to guarantee responsiveness at the cost of global optimality, or rely on computationally expensive global optimization models that are unsuitable for dynamic industrial environments. To bridge this gap, we propose SOAR, a unified Deep Reinforcement Learning framework for real-time joint optimization. SOAR transforms order allocation and robot scheduling into a unified process by utilizing soft order allocations as observations. We formulate this as an Event-Driven Markov Decision Process, enabling the agent to perform simultaneous scheduling in response to asynchronous system events. Technically, we employ a Heterogeneous Graph Transformer to encode the warehouse state and integrate phased domain knowledge. Additionally, we incorporate a reward shaping strategy to address sparse feedback in long-horizon tasks. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world industrial datasets, in collaboration with Geekplus, demonstrate that SOAR reduces global makespan by 7.5\% and average order completion time by 15.4\% with sub-100ms latency. Furthermore, sim-to-real deployment confirms its practical viability and significant performance gains in production environments. The code is available at https://github.com/200815147/SOAR.

preprint2026arXiv

The intrinsic subgroup of an elliptic curve and Mazur's torsion theorem

We define and study a biadditive symmetric (not necessarily perfect) pairing on the torsion part $\mathrm{Pic}(X)_{\mathrm{tors}}$ of the Picard group of a smooth projective curve $X$ over a field $k$ with values in $k^\times \otimes \mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}$ . We call its kernel the intrinsic subgroup of $X$ . It turns out that some information on the reduction type of $X$ can be read off from the intrinsic subgroup. Mazur's torsion theorem says that there are exactly 15 isomorphism classes of abelian groups that appear as the rational torsion points of an elliptic curve $X$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ (identified with $\mathrm{Pic}(X)_{\mathrm{tors}}$ ). We refine this result by determining which subgroups of those 15 groups appear as the intrinsic subgroups.

preprint2026arXiv

Toward Multimodal Conversational AI for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Despite strong performance of deep learning models in retinal disease detection, most systems produce static predictions without clinical reasoning or interactive explanation. Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) integrate diagnostic predictions with clinically meaningful dialogue to support clinical decision-making and patient counseling. In this study, OcularChat, an MLLM, was fine-tuned from Qwen2.5-VL using simulated patient-physician dialogues to diagnose age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through visual question answering on color fundus photographs (CFPs). A total of 705,850 simulated dialogues paired with 46,167 CFPs were generated to train OcularChat to identify key AMD features and produce reasoned predictions. OcularChat demonstrated strong classification performance in AREDS, achieving accuracies of 0.954, 0.849, and 0.678 for the three diagnostic tasks: advanced AMD, pigmentary abnormalities, and drusen size, significantly outperforming existing MLLMs. On AREDS2, OcularChat remained the top-performing method on all tasks. Across three independent ophthalmologist graders, OcularChat achieved higher mean scores than a strong baseline model for advanced AMD (3.503 vs. 2.833), pigmentary abnormalities (3.272 vs. 2.828), drusen size (3.064 vs. 2.433), and overall impression (2.978 vs. 2.464) on a 5-point clinical grading rubric. Beyond strong objective performance in AMD severity classification, OcularChat demonstrated the ability to provide diagnostic reasoning, clinically relevant explanations, and interactive dialogue, with high performance in subjective ophthalmologist evaluation. These findings suggest that MLLMs may enable accurate, interpretable, and clinically useful image-based diagnosis and classification of AMD.

preprint2026arXiv

VGGT-Edit: Feed-forward Native 3D Scene Editing with Residual Field Prediction

High-quality 3D scene reconstruction has recently advanced toward generalizable feed-forward architectures, enabling the generation of complex environments in a single forward pass. However, despite their strong performance in static scene perception, these models remain limited in responding to dynamic human instructions, which restricts their use in interactive applications. Existing editing methods typically rely on a 2D-lifting strategy, where individual views are edited independently and then lifted back into 3D space. This indirect pipeline often leads to blurry textures and inconsistent geometry, as 2D editors lack the spatial awareness required to preserve structure across viewpoints. To address these limitations, we propose VGGT-Edit, a feed-forward framework for text-conditioned native 3D scene editing. VGGT-Edit introduces depth-synchronized text injection to align semantic guidance with the backbone's spatial poses, ensuring stable instruction grounding. This semantic signal is then processed by a residual transformation head, which directly predicts 3D geometric displacements to deform the scene while preserving background stability. To ensure high-fidelity results, we supervise the framework with a multi-term objective function that enforces geometric accuracy and cross-view consistency. We also construct the DeltaScene Dataset, a large-scale dataset generated through an automated pipeline with 3D agreement filtering to ensure ground-truth quality. Experiments show that VGGT-Edit substantially outperforms 2D-lifting baselines, producing sharper object details, stronger multi-view consistency, and near-instant inference speed. The project page is https://chriszkxxx.github.io/VGGT-Edit/.

preprint2026arXiv

WavCube: Unifying Speech Representation for Understanding and Generation via Semantic-Acoustic Joint Modeling

Integrating speech understanding and generation is a pivotal step toward building unified speech models. However, the different representations required for these two tasks currently pose significant compatibility challenges. Typically, semantics-oriented features are learned from self-supervised learning (SSL), and acoustic-oriented features from reconstruction. Such fragmented representations hinder the realization of truly unified speech systems. We present WavCube, a compact continuous latent derived from an SSL speech encoder that simultaneously supports speech understanding, reconstruction, and generation. WavCube employs a two-stage training scheme. Stage 1 trains a semantic bottleneck to filter off-manifold redundancy that makes raw SSL features intractable for diffusion. Stage 2 injects fine-grained acoustic details via end-to-end reconstruction, while a semantic anchoring loss ensures the representation remains grounded within its original semantic manifold. Comprehensive experiments show that WavCube closely approaches WavLM performance on SUPERB despite an 8x dimensional compression, attains reconstruction quality on par with existing acoustic representations, delivers state-of-the-art zero-shot TTS performance with markedly faster training convergence, and excels in speech enhancement, separation, and voice conversion tasks on the SUPERB-SG benchmark. Systematic ablations reveal that WavCube's two-stage recipe resolves two intrinsic flaws of SSL features for generative modeling, paving the way for future unified speech systems. Codes and checkpoints are available at https://github.com/yanghaha0908/WavCube.

preprint2025arXiv

Zoomer: Adaptive Image Focus Optimization for Black-box MLLM

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4o, Gemini Pro, and Claude 3.5 have enabled unified reasoning over text and visual inputs, yet they often hallucinate in real world scenarios especially when small objects or fine spatial context are involved. We pinpoint two core causes of this failure: the absence of region-adaptive attention and inflexible token budgets that force uniform downsampling, leading to critical information loss. To overcome these limitations, we introduce Zoomer, a visual prompting framework that delivers token-efficient, detail-preserving image representations for black-box MLLMs. Zoomer integrates (1) a prompt-aware emphasis module to highlight semantically relevant regions, (2) a spatial-preserving orchestration schema to maintain object relationships, and (3) a budget-aware strategy to adaptively allocate tokens between global context and local details. Extensive experiments on nine benchmarks and three commercial MLLMs demonstrate that Zoomer boosts accuracy by up to 27% while cutting image token usage by up to 67%. Our approach establishes a principled methodology for robust, resource-aware multimodal understanding in settings where model internals are inaccessible.

preprint2024arXiv

Investigation of the $ΔI = 1/2$ rule and test of CP violation through the measurement of decay asymmetry parameters in $Ξ^-$ decays

Using $(10087\pm44)\times 10^{6}$ $J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector, numerous $Ξ^-$ and $Λ$ decay asymmetry parameters are simultaneously determined from the process $J/ψ\to Ξ^- \barΞ^+ \to Λ(pπ^-) π^- \barΛ(\bar{n} π^0) π^+$ and its charge-conjugate channel. The precisions of $α_0$ for $Λ\to nπ^0$ and $\barα_0$ for $\barΛ \to \bar{n}π^0$ compared to world averages are improved by factors of 4 and 1.7, respectively. The ratio of decay asymmetry parameters of $Λ\to nπ^0$ to that of $Λ\to pπ^-$ , $\langle α_0 \rangle/ \langle α_{Λ-} \rangle$ , is determined to be $0.873 \pm 0.012^{+0.011}_{-0.010}$ , where the first and the second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The ratio is smaller than unity more than $5σ$ , which signifies the existence of the $ΔI = 3/2$ transition in $Λ$ for the first time. Beside, we test for CP violation in $Ξ^- \to Λπ^-$ and in $Λ\to n π^{0}$ with the best precision to date.

preprint2023arXiv

Adaptive Data Debiasing through Bounded Exploration

Biases in existing datasets used to train algorithmic decision rules can raise ethical and economic concerns due to the resulting disparate treatment of different groups. We propose an algorithm for sequentially debiasing such datasets through adaptive and bounded exploration in a classification problem with costly and censored feedback. Exploration in this context means that at times, and to a judiciously-chosen extent, the decision maker deviates from its (current) loss-minimizing rule, and instead accepts some individuals that would otherwise be rejected, so as to reduce statistical data biases. Our proposed algorithm includes parameters that can be used to balance between the ultimate goal of removing data biases -- which will in turn lead to more accurate and fair decisions, and the exploration risks incurred to achieve this goal. We analytically show that such exploration can help debias data in certain distributions. We further investigate how fairness criteria can work in conjunction with our data debiasing algorithm. We illustrate the performance of our algorithm using experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets.

preprint2023arXiv

Search for hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness in $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow K^+ D_{s}^{-} D^{0}+c.c.$

We report a search for a heavier partner of the recently observed $Z_{cs}(3985)^{-}$ state, denoted as $Z_{cs}^{\prime -}$ , in the process $e^{+} e^{-}\rightarrow K^{+}D_{s}^{*-}D^{* 0}+c.c.$ , based on $e^+e^-$ collision data collected at the center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=4.661$ , 4.682 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector. The $Z_{cs}^{\prime -}$ is of interest as it is expected to be a candidate for a hidden-charm and open-strange tetraquark. A partial-reconstruction technique is used to isolate $K^+$ recoil-mass spectra, which are probed for a potential contribution from $Z_{cs}^{\prime -}\to D_{s}^{*-}D^{* 0}$ ( $c.c.$ ). We find an excess of $Z_{cs}^{\prime -}\rightarrow D_{s}^{*-}D^{*0}$ ( $c.c.$ ) candidates with a significance of $2.1σ$ , after considering systematic uncertainties, at a mass of $(4123.5\pm0.7_\mathrm{stat.}\pm4.7_\mathrm{syst.})\ \mathrm{MeV}/c^{2}$ . As the data set is limited in size, the upper limits are evaluated at the 90\% confidence level on the product of the Born cross sections ( $σ^{\mathrm{Born}}$ ) and the branching fraction ( $\mathcal{B}$ ) of $Z_{cs}^{\prime-}\rightarrow D_{s}^{*-}D^{* 0}$ , under different assumptions of the $Z_{cs}^{\prime -}$ mass from 4.120 to 4.140 MeV and of the width from 10 to 50 MeV at the three center-of-mass energies. The upper limits of $σ^{\rm Born}\cdot\mathcal{B}$ are found to be at the level of $\mathcal{O}(1)$ pb at each energy. Larger data samples are needed to confirm the $Z_{cs}^{\prime -}$ state and clarify its nature in the coming years.

preprint2022arXiv

Amplitude analysis and branching fraction measurement of the decay $D_{s}^{+} \to K^+π^+π^-$

Using $6.32$ fb $^{-1}$ of $e^{+}e^{-}$ collision data collected at the center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV with the BESIII detector, we perform an amplitude analysis of the decay $D^+_s \to K^+π^+π^-$ and determine the amplitudes of the various intermediate states. The absolute branching fraction of $D^+_s\to K^+π^+π^-$ is measured to be ( $6.11\pm0.18_{\rm stat.}\pm0.11_{\rm syst.})\times 10^{-3}$ . The branching fractions of the dominant intermediate processes $D_{s}^{+} \to K^+ρ^0, ρ^0 \to π^+π^-$ and $D_{s}^{+} \to K^*(892)^0π^+, K^*(892)^0 \to K^+π^-$ are determined to be $(1.96\pm0.19_{\rm stat.}\pm0.23_{\rm syst.})\times 10^{-3}$ and $(1.85\pm0.12_{\rm stat.}\pm0.13_{\rm syst.})\times 10^{-3}$ , respectively. The intermediate resonances $f_0(500)$ , $f_0(980)$ , and $f_0(1370)$ are observed for the first time in this channel.

preprint2022arXiv

Amplitude analysis and branching-fraction measurement of $D_{s}^{+} \to π^{+}π^{0}η^{\prime}$

Using data collected with the BESIII detector in $e^+e^-$ collisions at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV and corresponding to 6.32~fb $^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, we report the amplitude analysis and branching-fraction measurement of the $D^+_s \to π^+ π^0 η^{\prime}$ decay. We find that the dominant intermediate process is $D^+_s \toρ^+ η^{\prime}$ and the significances of other resonant and nonresonant processes are all less than $3σ$ . The upper limits on the branching fractions of $S$ -wave and $P$ -wave nonresonant components are set to $0.10\%$ and $0.74\%$ at the $90\%$ confidence level, respectively. In addition, the branching fraction of the $D^+_s \to π^+ π^0 η^{\prime}$ decay is measured to be $(6.15\pm0.25(\rm stat.)\pm0.18(\rm syst.))\%$ , which receives significant contribution only from $D_s^+\to ρ^+η^{\prime}$ according to the amplitude analysis.

preprint2022arXiv

Cross section measurements of the processes $e^+e^- \rightarrow ωπ^{0}$ and $ωη$ at center-of-mass energies between 3.773 and 4.701 GeV

The Born cross sections of the processes $e^+e^- \rightarrow ωπ^{0}$ and $e^+e^- \rightarrow ωη$ are measured at center-of-mass energies between 3.773 and 4.701 GeV using a total integrated luminosity of 22.7 fb $^{-1}$ collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider. A simple $s^{-n}$ dependence for the continuum process can describe the measured Born cross sections. No significant contributions from the $ψ(4160)$ , $Y(4230)$ , $Y(4360)$ , $ψ(4415)$ , $Y(4660)$ resonances are found, which indicates relative small branching fractions for these resonances into the $ωπ^{0}$ and $ωη$ final states.

preprint2022arXiv

FaceMap: Towards Unsupervised Face Clustering via Map Equation

Face clustering is an essential task in computer vision due to the explosion of related applications such as augmented reality or photo album management. The main challenge of this task lies in the imperfectness of similarities among image feature representations. Given an existing feature extraction model, it is still an unresolved problem that how can the inherent characteristics of similarities of unlabelled images be leveraged to improve the clustering performance. Motivated by answering the question, we develop an effective unsupervised method, named as FaceMap, by formulating face clustering as a process of non-overlapping community detection, and minimizing the entropy of information flows on a network of images. The entropy is denoted by the map equation and its minimum represents the least description of paths among images in expectation. Inspired by observations on the ranked transition probabilities in the affinity graph constructed from facial images, we develop an outlier detection strategy to adaptively adjust transition probabilities among images. Experiments with ablation studies demonstrate that FaceMap significantly outperforms existing methods and achieves new state-of-the-arts on three popular large-scale datasets for face clustering, e.g., an absolute improvement of more than $10\%$ and $4\%$ comparing with prior unsupervised and supervised methods respectively in terms of average of Pairwise F-score. Our code is publicly available on github.

preprint2022arXiv

First Observation of the Semileptonic Decay $Λ_c^+\rightarrow pK^- e^+ν_e$

Using $4.5~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ annihilation data samples collected at the center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.600~GeV to 4.699~GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, a first study of the semileptonic decays $Λ_c^+\rightarrow pK^-e^+ν_e$ , $Λ_c^+\rightarrow Λ(1520) e^+ν_e$ and $Λ_c^+\rightarrow Λ(1405) e^+ν_e$ is performed. The $Λ_c^+\rightarrow pK^-e^+ν_e$ decay is observed with a significance of $8.2σ$ and the branching fraction is measured to be $\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\rightarrow pK^- e^+ν_e)=(0.88\pm0.17_{\rm stat.}\pm0.07_{\rm syst.})\times 10^{-3}$ . We also report evidence of $Λ_c^+\rightarrow Λ(1520)e^+ν_e$ and $Λ_c^+\rightarrow Λ(1405)e^+ν_e$ with significances of $3.3σ$ and $3.2σ$ , respectively, and measure $\mathcal B(Λ^+_c\rightarrow Λ(1520)e^+ν_e)=(1.02\pm0.52_{\rm stat.}\pm0.11_{\rm syst.})\times10^{-3}$ and $\mathcal B(Λ^+_c\rightarrow Λ(1405)[\rightarrow pK^-]e^+ν_e)=(0.42\pm0.19_{\rm stat.}\pm0.04_{\rm syst.})\times10^{-3}$ . Combining these with the inclusive semileptonic $Λ_c^+$ branching fraction measured by BESIII, the relative fraction is determined to be $[\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\rightarrow pK^-e^+ν_e)/\mathcal{B}(Λ_c^+\rightarrow X e^+ν_e)]=(2.1\pm0.4_{\rm stat.}\pm0.2_{\rm syst.})\%$ , which provides a clear confirmation that semileptonic $Λ_c^+$ decays are not saturated by the $Λ\ell^+ν_{\ell}$ final state.

preprint2022arXiv

From 996 to 007: Challenges of Working from Home During the Epidemic in China

During the COVID-19 epidemic in China, millions of workers in tech companies had to start working from home (WFH). The change was sudden, unexpected and companies were not ready for it. Additionally, it was also the first time that WFH was experienced on such a large scale. We used the opportunity to describe the effect of WFH at scale for a sustained period of time. As the lockdown was easing, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 participants from China working in tech companies. While at first, WFH was reported as a pleasant experience with advantages, e.g. flexible schedule, more time with family, over time, this evolved into a rather negative experience where workers start working all day, every day and feel a higher workload despite the actual workload being reduced. We discuss these results and how they could apply for other extreme circumstances and to help improve WFH in general.

preprint2022arXiv

Investigating Information Inconsistency in Multilingual Open-Domain Question Answering

Retrieval based open-domain QA systems use retrieved documents and answer-span selection over retrieved documents to find best-answer candidates. We hypothesize that multilingual Question Answering (QA) systems are prone to information inconsistency when it comes to documents written in different languages, because these documents tend to provide a model with varying information about the same topic. To understand the effects of the biased availability of information and cultural influence, we analyze the behavior of multilingual open-domain question answering models with a focus on retrieval bias. We analyze if different retriever models present different passages given the same question in different languages on TyDi QA and XOR-TyDi QA, two multilingualQA datasets. We speculate that the content differences in documents across languages might reflect cultural divergences and/or social biases.

preprint2022arXiv

Mass Testing and Characterization of 20-inch PMTs for JUNO

Main goal of the JUNO experiment is to determine the neutrino mass ordering using a 20kt liquid-scintillator detector. Its key feature is an excellent energy resolution of at least 3 % at 1 MeV, for which its instruments need to meet a certain quality and thus have to be fully characterized. More than 20,000 20-inch PMTs have been received and assessed by JUNO after a detailed testing program which began in 2017 and elapsed for about four years. Based on this mass characterization and a set of specific requirements, a good quality of all accepted PMTs could be ascertained. This paper presents the performed testing procedure with the designed testing systems as well as the statistical characteristics of all 20-inch PMTs intended to be used in the JUNO experiment, covering more than fifteen performance parameters including the photocathode uniformity. This constitutes the largest sample of 20-inch PMTs ever produced and studied in detail to date, i.e. 15,000 of the newly developed 20-inch MCP-PMTs from Northern Night Vision Technology Co. (NNVT) and 5,000 of dynode PMTs from Hamamatsu Photonics K. K.(HPK).

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of $e^{+}e^{-} \to K^{+}K^{-}π^{0}$ cross section and observation of a resonant structure

Based on $e^{+}e^{-}$ collision data collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at center-of-mass energies from 2.000 to 3.080 GeV, a partial-wave analysis is performed for the process $e^{+}e^{-} \to K^{+}K^{-}π^{0}$ . The Born cross section of the process $e^{+}e^{-} \to K^{+}K^{-}π^{0}$ and its subprocesses $e^{+}e^{-} \to ϕπ^{0}$ , $K^{*}(892)K$ and $K^{*}_{2}(1430)K$ are measured. The results for $e^{+}e^{-} \to K^{+}K^{-}π^{0}$ and $ϕπ^{0}$ are consistent with the BaBar measurements and with improved precision. By analyzing the cross section, of the subprocesses $e^{+}e^{-} \to$ $K^{*}(892)K$ and $K^{*}_{2}(1430)K$ , a structure with mass $M_R$ = (2208 $\pm$ 19 $\pm$ 24) MeV/ $c^{2}$ and width $Γ_R$ = (168 $\pm$ 24 $\pm$ 39) MeV is observed with a combined statistical significance of 7.6 $σ$ . The measured resonance parameters suggest it can be identified as the $ϕ(2170)$ , thus the results provide valuable input to understand the internal nature of this state.

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of $Λ$ baryon polarization in $e^+e^-\rightarrowΛ\barΛ$ at $\sqrt{s} = 3.773$ GeV

Using a data sample of $ψ(3770)$ events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.9 fb $^{-1}$ , we report a measurement of $Λ$ spin polarization in $e^+e^-\rightarrowΛ\barΛ$ at $\sqrt{s} = 3.773$ GeV. The significance of polarization is found to be 2 $σ$ including the systematic uncertainty, which implies a zero phase between the transition amplitudes of the $Λ\barΛ$ helicity states. This phase can be interpreted in terms of psionic form factors, and is determined to be $ΔΦ^Ψ$ = $Φ^Ψ_{E} - Φ^Ψ_{M}$ = $(71^{+66}_{-46}$ $\pm$ 5) $^{\circ}$ . Similarly, the ratio between the form factors is found to be $R^ψ$ = $|G^Ψ_{E}/G^Ψ_{M}|$ = $0.48^{+0.12}_{-0.07}$ $\pm$ 0.04. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of the $D \to K^-π^+π^+π^-$ and $D \to K^-π^+π^0$ coherence factors and average strong-phase differences in quantum-correlated ${D\bar{D}}$ decays

The decays $D\to K^-π^+π^+π^-$ and $D \to K^-π^+π^0$ are studied in a sample of quantum-correlated $D\bar{D}$ pairs produced through the process $e^+e^- \to ψ(3770) \to D\bar{D}$ , exploiting a data set collected by the BESIII experiment that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb $^{-1}$ . Here $D$ indicates a quantum superposition of a $D^0$ and a $\bar{D}^0$ meson. By reconstructing one neutral charm meson in a signal decay, and the other in the same or a different final state, observables are measured that contain information on the coherence factors and average strong-phase differences of each of the signal modes. These parameters are critical inputs in the measurement of the angle $γ$ of the Unitarity Triangle in $B^- \to DK^-$ decays at the LHCb and Belle II experiments. The coherence factors are determined to be $R_{K3π}=0.52^{+0.12}_{-0.10}$ and $R_{Kππ^0}=0.78 \pm 0.04$ , with values for the average strong-phase differences that are $δ_D^{K3π}=\left(167^{+31}_{-19}\right)^\circ$ and $δ_D^{Kππ^0}=\left(196^{+14}_{-15}\right)^\circ$ , where the uncertainties include both statistical and systematic contributions. The analysis is re-performed in four bins of the phase-space of the $D \to K^-π^+π^+π^-$ to yield results that will allow for a more sensitive measurement of $γ$ with this mode, to which the BESIII inputs will contribute an uncertainty of around 6 $^\circ$ .

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of the branching fraction and decay asymmetry of $Λ\to nγ$

The radiative hyperon decay $Λ\to nγ$ is studied using $(10087\pm44)\times 10^6$ $J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector operating at BEPCII. The absolute branching fraction of the decay $Λ\to nγ$ is determined with a significance of 5.6 $σ$ to be $[0.832\pm0.038(\rm stat.)\pm0.054(\rm syst.)]\times10^{-3}$ , which lies significantly below the current PDG value. By analyzing the joint angular distribution of the decay products, the first determination of the decay asymmetry $α_γ$ is reported with a value of $-0.16\pm0.10(\rm stat.)\pm0.05(\rm syst.)$ .

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of the branching fraction for $ψ(3686)\to ωK^0_SK^0_S$

Analyzing $(448.1\pm2.9)\times10^6$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the $ψ(3686)\to ωK_{S}^{0}K_{S}^{0}$ decay is observed for the first time. The branching fraction for this decay is determined to be $\mathcal{B}_{ψ(3686)\to ωK_{S}^{0}K^{0}_{S}}$ = $(7.04\pm0.39\pm0.36)$ $\times10^{-5}$ , where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of the branching fraction of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decay $D^0\to K^+π^-π^0$ and search for $D^0\to K^+π^-π^0π^0$

Using $2.93\,\rm fb^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collision data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773\,GeV with the BESIII detector, we present a measurement of the branching fraction of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed (DCS) decay $D^0\to K^+π^-π^0$ and a search for the DCS decay $D^0\to K^+π^-π^0π^0$ . The branching fraction of $D^0\to K^+π^-π^0$ is determined to be $[3.13^{+0.60}_{-0.56}({\rm stat}) \pm 0.09({\rm syst})] \times 10^{-4}$ . No signal is observed for $D^0\to K^+π^-π^0π^0$ and an upper limit of $3.6 \times 10^{-4}$ is set on the branching fraction at the 90\% C.L. We combine these results with the world-average branching fractions of their counterpart Cabibbo-favored decays to determine the ratios of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed over the Cabibbo-favored branching fractions, ${\mathcal B}(D^0\to K^+π^-π^0)/{\mathcal B}(D^0\to K^-π^+π^0)=(0.22\pm 0.04)\%$ ~and ${\mathcal B}(D^0\to K^+π^-π^0π^0)/{\mathcal B}(D^0\to K^-π^+π^0π^0)<0.40\%$ at the 90\% C.L., which correspond to $(0.75\pm 0.14)\tan^{4} θ_C$ ~and $1.37\times \tan^{4} θ_C$ , respectively, where $θ_C$ is the Cabibbo angle.

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of the Cross Section for $e^{+}e^{-}\to$ hadrons at Energies from 2.2324 to 3.6710 GeV

Based on electron-positron collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider II storage rings, the value of $R\equivσ(e^{+}e^{-}\to$ hadrons)/ $σ(e^{+}e^{-}\toμ^{+}μ^{-})$ is measured at 14 center-of-mass energies from 2.2324 to 3.6710 GeV. The resulting uncertainties are less than $3.0\%$ , and are dominated by systematic uncertainties.

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of the cross section of $e^{+}e^{-}\toηπ^{+}π^{-}$ at center-of-mass energies from 3.872 GeV to 4.700 GeV

Using data samples with an integrated luminosity of 19 fb $^{-1}$ at twenty-eight center-of-mass energies from 3.872 GeV to 4.700 GeV collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII electron--positron collider, the process $e^{+}e^{-}\toηπ^{+}π^{-}$ and the intermediate process $e^{+}e^{-}\toηρ^{0}$ are studied for the first time. The Born cross sections are measured. No significant resonance structure is observed in the cross section lineshape.

preprint2022arXiv

Measurement of the total and leptonic decay widths of the $J/ψ$ resonance with an energy scan method at BESIII

Using $e^+e^-$ annihilation data sets collected with the BESIII detector, we measure the cross sections of the processes $e^+e^- \to e^+e^-$ and $e^+e^- \to μ^+μ^-$ at fifteen center-of-mass energy points in the vicinity of the $J/ψ$ resonance. By a simultaneous fit to the measured, center-of-mass energy dependent cross sections of the two processes, the combined quantities $Γ_{ee} Γ_{ee} / Γ_{\rm tot}$ and $Γ_{ee} Γ_{μμ} / Γ_{\rm tot}$ are determined to be ( $0.346 \pm 0.009$ ) and ( $0.335 \pm 0.006$ ) keV, respectively, where $Γ_{ee}$ , $Γ_{μμ}$ , and $Γ_{\rm tot}$ are the electronic, muonic, and total decay widths of the $J/ψ$ resonance, respectively. Using the resultant $Γ_{ee} Γ_{μμ} / Γ_{\rm tot}$ and $Γ_{ee} Γ_{ee} / Γ_{\rm tot}$ , the ratio $Γ_{ee} / Γ_{μμ}$ is calculated to be $1.031 \pm 0.015$ , which is consistent with the expectation of lepton universality within about two standard deviations. Assuming lepton universality and using the branching fraction of the $J/ψ$ leptonic decay measured by BESIII in 2013, $Γ_{\rm tot}$ and $Γ_{ll}$ are determined to be ( $93.0 \pm 2.1$ ) and ( $5.56 \pm 0.11$ ) keV, respectively, where $Γ_{ll}$ is the average leptonic decay width of the $J/ψ$ resonance.

preprint2022arXiv

Measurements of Absolute Branching Fractions of $D^0\to K_L^0ϕ$ , $K_L^0η$ , $K_L^0ω$ , and $K_L^0η^{\prime}$

We report the first measurements of the absolute branching fractions of $D^0\to K_L^0ϕ$ , $D^0\to K_L^0η$ , $D^0\to K_L^0ω$ , and $D^0\to K_L^0η^{\prime}$ , obtained by analyzing $2.93\,\rm fb^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector. Taking the world averages of the branching fractions of $D^0\to K_S^0ϕ$ , $D^0\to K_S^0η$ , $D^0\to K_S^0ω$ , and $D^0\to K_S^0η^{\prime}$ , the $K_S^0$ - $K_L^0$ asymmetry $\mathcal{R}(D^0)$ in these decay modes are obtained. The CP asymmetries in these decays are also determined. No significant $CP$ violation is observed.

preprint2022arXiv

Measurements of the absolute branching fractions of hadronic $D$ -meson decays involving kaons and pions

By analyzing an electron-positron collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $2.93\,\rm fb^{-1}$ taken at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we obtain for the first time the absolute branching fractions for seven $D^0$ and $D^+$ hadronic decay modes and search for the hadronic decay $D^0\to K^0_S K^0_Sπ^0$ with much improved sensitivity. The results are ${\mathcal B}(D^0\to K^0_Sπ^0π^0π^0 )=( 7.64\pm 0.30\pm 0.29)\times 10^{-3}$ , ${\mathcal B}(D^0\to K^-π^+π^0π^0π^0 )=( 9.54\pm 0.30\pm 0.31)\times 10^{-3}$ , ${\mathcal B}(D^0\to K^0_Sπ^+π^-π^0π^0)=(12.66\pm 0.45\pm 0.43)\times 10^{-3}$ , ${\mathcal B}(D^+\to K^0_Sπ^+π^0π^0 )=(29.04\pm 0.62\pm 0.87)\times 10^{-3}$ , ${\mathcal B}(D^+\to K^0_Sπ^+π^+π^-π^0)=(15.28\pm 0.57\pm 0.60)\times 10^{-3}$ , ${\mathcal B}(D^+\to K^0_Sπ^+π^0π^0π^0)=( 5.54\pm 0.44\pm 0.32)\times 10^{-3}$ , ${\mathcal B}(D^+\to K^-π^+π^+π^0π^0 )=( 4.95\pm 0.26\pm 0.19)\times 10^{-3}$ , ${\mathcal B}({D^0\to K^0_S K^0_Sπ^0}) < 1.57 \times 10^{-4}$ at the 90\% confidence level. Here the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones systematic. The newly studied decays greatly enrich the knowledge of the $D\to \bar Kπππ$ and $D\to \bar Kππππ$ hadronic decays, and open a bridge to access more two-body hadronic $D$ decays containing scalar, vector, axial and tensor mesons in the charm sector.

preprint2022arXiv

Observation of $a_0(1710)^+ \to K_S^0K^+$ in study of the $D_s^+\to K_S^0K^+π^0$ decay

Using $e^+e^-$ annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb $^{-1}$ collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 GeV and 4.226 GeV with the BESIII detector, we perform the first amplitude analysis of the decay $D_s^+\to K_S^0K^+π^0$ and determine the relative branching fractions and phases for intermediate processes. We observe the $a_0(1710)^+$ , the isovector partner of the $f_0(1710)$ and $f_0(1770)$ mesons, in its decay to $K_S^0K^+$ for the first time. In addition, we measure the ratio $\frac{\mathcal{B}(D_{s}^{+} \to \bar{K}^{*}(892)^{0}K^{+})}{\mathcal{B}(D_{s}^{+} \to \bar{K}^{0}K^{*}(892)^{+})}$ to be $2.35^{+0.42}_{-0.23\text{stat.}}\pm 0.10_{\rm syst.}$ . Finally, we provide a precision measurement of the absolute branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(D_s^+\to K_S^0K^+π^0) = (1.46\pm 0.06_{\text{stat.}}\pm 0.05_{\text{syst.}})\%$ .

preprint2022arXiv

Observation of $η_c(2S) \to 3(π^+π^-)$ and measurements of $χ_{cJ} \to 3(π^+π^-)$ in $ψ(3686)$ radiative transitions

The hadronic decay $η_c(2S) \to 3(π^+π^-)$ is observed with a statistical significance of 9.3 standard deviations using $(448.1\pm2.9)\times10^6$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The measured mass and width of $η_c(2S)$ are $(3643.4 \pm 2.3 (\rm stat.) \pm 4.4 (\rm syst.))$ MeV/ $c^2$ and $(19.8 \pm 3.9 (\rm stat.) \pm 3.1 (\rm syst.))$ MeV, respectively, which are consistent with the world average values within two standard deviations. The product branching fraction $\mathcal{B}[ψ(3686)\to γη_c(2S)]\times\mathcal{B}[η_c(2S)\to3(π^+π^-)]$ is measured to be $(9.2 \pm 1.0 (\rm stat.) \pm 0.9 (\rm syst.))\times10^{-6}$ . Using $\mathcal{B}[ψ(3686)\to γη_c(2S)]=(7.0^{+3.4}_{-2.5})\times10^{-4}$ , we obtain $\mathcal{B}[η_c(2S) \to 3(π^+π^-)] = (1.31 \pm 0.15 (\rm stat.) \pm 0.13 (\rm syst.)(^{+0.64}_{-0.47}) (\rm extr))\times10^{-2}$ , where the third uncertainty is from $\mathcal{B}[ψ(3686) \to γη_c(2S)]$ . We also measure the $χ_{cJ} \to 3(π^+π^-)$ ( $J=0, 1, 2$ ) decays via $ψ(3686) \to γχ_{cJ}$ transitions. The branching fractions are $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c0} \to 3(π^+π^-)] = (2.080\pm0.006 (\rm stat.)\pm0.068 (\rm syst.))\times10^{-2}$ , $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c1} \to 3(π^+π^-)] = (1.092\pm0.004 (\rm stat.)\pm0.035 (\rm syst.))\times10^{-2}$ , and $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c2} \to 3(π^+π^-)] = (1.565\pm0.005 (\rm stat.)\pm0.048 (\rm syst.))\times10^{-2}$ .

preprint2022arXiv

Observation of resonance structures in $e^+e^-\to π^+π^-ψ_2(3823)$ and mass measurement of $ψ_2(3823)$

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.3 $\rm fb^{-1}$ collected at center-of-mass energies from $4.23$ to $4.70$ GeV with the BESIII detector, we measure the product of the $e^+e^-\to π^+π^-ψ_2(3823)$ cross section and the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}[ψ_2(3823)\to γχ_{c1}]$ . For the first time, resonance structure is observed in the cross section line shape of $e^+e^-\to π^+π^-ψ_2(3823)$ with significances exceeding $5σ$ . A fit to data with two coherent Breit-Wigner resonances modeling the $\sqrt{s}$ -dependent cross section yields $M(R_1)=4406.9\pm 17.2\pm 4.5$ MeV/ $c^2$ , $Γ(R_1)=128.1\pm 37.2\pm 2.3$ MeV, and $M(R_2)=4647.9\pm 8.6\pm 0.8$ MeV/ $c^2$ , $Γ(R_2)=33.1\pm 18.6\pm 4.1$ MeV. Though weakly disfavored by the data, a single resonance with $M(R)=4417.5\pm26.2\pm3.5$ MeV/ $c^2$ , $Γ(R)=245\pm48\pm13$ MeV is also possible to interpret data. This observation deepens our understanding of the nature of the vector charmoniumlike states. The mass of the $ψ_2(3823)$ state is measured as $(3823.12\pm 0.43\pm 0.13)$ MeV/ $c^2$ , which is the most precise measurement to date.

preprint2022arXiv

Observation of the double Dalitz decay $η'\to e^+e^-e^+e^-$

Based on $(10087 \pm 44)\times10^6$ $J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, the double Dalitz decay $η'\to e^+e^-e^+e^-$ is observed for the first time via the $J/ψ\toγη'$ decay process. The significance is found to be 5.7 $σ$ with systematic uncertainties taken into consideration. Its branching fraction is determined to be $\mathcal{B}(η'\to e^+ e^- e^+ e^-) =(4.5\pm1.0(\mathrm{stat.})\pm0.5(\mathrm{sys.})) \times 10^{-6}$ .

preprint2022arXiv

Observation of the electromagnetic Dalitz decay $D^{\ast 0}\to D^{0}e^{+}e^{-}$

Based on 3.19 fb $^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collision data accumulated at the center-of-mass energy 4.178 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the electromagnetic Dalitz decay $D^{\ast 0}\to D^{0}e^{+}e^{-}$ is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of $13.2σ$ . The ratio of the branching fraction of $D^{\ast 0}\to D^{0}e^{+}e^{-}$ to that of $D^{\ast 0}\to D^{0} γ$ is measured to be $(11.08\pm0.76\pm0.49)\times 10^{-3}$ . By using the world average value of the branching fraction of $D^{\ast 0}\to D^{0} γ$ , the branching fraction of $D^{\ast 0}\to D^{0}e^{+}e^{-}$ is determined to be $(3.91\pm0.27\pm0.17\pm0.10)\times 10^{-3}$ , where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third external branching fractions.

preprint2022arXiv

Observation of the Singly Cabibbo-Suppressed Decay $Λ_{c}^{+} \to nπ^{+}$

The singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay $Λ_{c}^{+} \to nπ^{+}$ is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of $7.3σ$ by using 3.9 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $e^{+}e^{-}$ collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.612 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. The branching fraction of $Λ_{c}^{+} \to nπ^{+}$ is measured to be $(6.6\pm1.2_{\rm stat}\pm0.4_{\rm syst})\times 10^{-4}$ . By taking the upper limit of branching fractions of $Λ_{c}^{+} \to pπ^0$ from the Belle experiment, the ratio of branching fractions between $Λ_{c}^{+} \to nπ^{+}$ and $Λ_{c}^{+} \to pπ^0$ is calculated to be larger than 7.2 at the 90% confidence level, which disagrees with the current predictions of available phenomenological models. In addition, the branching fractions of the Cabibbo-favored decays $Λ_{c}^{+} \to Λπ^{+}$ and $Λ_{c}^{+} \to Σ^{0}π^{+}$ are measured to be $(1.31\pm0.08_{\rm stat}\pm0.05_{\rm syst})\times 10^{-2}$ and $(1.22\pm0.08_{\rm stat}\pm0.07_{\rm syst})\times 10^{-2}$ , respectively, which are consistent with previous results.

preprint2022arXiv

Online Video Super-Resolution with Convolutional Kernel Bypass Graft

Deep learning-based models have achieved remarkable performance in video super-resolution (VSR) in recent years, but most of these models are less applicable to online video applications. These methods solely consider the distortion quality and ignore crucial requirements for online applications, e.g., low latency and low model complexity. In this paper, we focus on online video transmission, in which VSR algorithms are required to generate high-resolution video sequences frame by frame in real time. To address such challenges, we propose an extremely low-latency VSR algorithm based on a novel kernel knowledge transfer method, named convolutional kernel bypass graft (CKBG). First, we design a lightweight network structure that does not require future frames as inputs and saves extra time costs for caching these frames. Then, our proposed CKBG method enhances this lightweight base model by bypassing the original network with ``kernel grafts'', which are extra convolutional kernels containing the prior knowledge of external pretrained image SR models. In the testing phase, we further accelerate the grafted multi-branch network by converting it into a simple single-path structure. Experiment results show that our proposed method can process online video sequences up to 110 FPS, with very low model complexity and competitive SR performance.

preprint2022arXiv

Partial wave analysis of $J/ψ\to γη^{\prime} η^{\prime}$

Using a sample of $(10.09~\pm~0.04)\times10^{9} ~J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector, a partial wave analysis of $J/ψ\toγη^{\prime}η^{\prime}$ is performed. The masses and widths of the observed resonances and their branching fractions are reported. The main contribution is from $J/ψ\rightarrowγf_0(2020)$ with $f_0(2020)\rightarrowη^{\prime}η^{\prime}$ , which is found with a significance of greater than 25 $σ$ . The product branching fraction ${\cal B}\left(J/ψ\rightarrowγf_0(2020)\right)\cdot{\cal B}\left(f_0(2020)\rightarrowη^{\prime}η^{\prime}\right)$ is measured to be $(2.63\pm0.06({\rm stat.})^{+0.31}_{-0.46}({\rm syst.}))\times10^{-4}$ .

preprint2022arXiv

Search for $X(3872)\toπ^0χ_{c0}$ and $X(3872)\toππχ_{c0}$ at BESIII

Using 9.9 fb $^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collision data collected by the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.15 and 4.30 GeV, we search for the processes $e^+e^-\toγX(3872)$ with $X(3872)\rightarrowπ^0χ_{c0}$ and $X(3872)\rightarrowππχ_{c0}$ . Depending on the fitting model, the statistical significance for $X(3872)\toπ^0χ_{c0}$ ranges from 1.3 $σ$ to 2.8 $σ$ . We set upper limits (at 90\% C.L.) of $\frac{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\rightarrowπ^0χ_{c0})}{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\toπ^+π^-J/ψ)}<3.6$ , $\frac{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\rightarrowπ^+π^-χ_{c0})}{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\toπ^+π^-J/ψ)}<0.68$ , and $\frac{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\rightarrowπ^0π^0χ_{c0})}{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\toπ^+π^-J/ψ)}<1.7$ . Combined with the BESIII measurement of $X(3872)\toπ^0χ_{c1}$ , we also set an upper limit of $\frac{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\rightarrowπ^0χ_{c0})}{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\toπ^0χ_{c1})}<4.4$ .

preprint2022arXiv

Search for baryon and lepton number violating decays $D^{0}\to \bar{p}e^{+}$ and $D^{0}\to pe^{-}$

Using an electron-positron collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93~fb $^{-1}$ collected with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, we search for the baryon and lepton number violating decays $D^{0}\to \bar{p}e^{+}$ and $D^{0}\to pe^{-}$ . No obvious signals are found with the current statistics. The upper limits on the branching fractions for $D^{0}\to \bar{p}e^{+}$ and $D^{0}\to pe^{-}$ are set to be $1.2\times 10^{-6}$ and $2.2\times 10^{-6}$ at 90\% confidence level, respectively.

preprint2022arXiv

Search for baryon and lepton number violation decay $D^{\pm}\to n(\bar{n})e^{\pm}$

Using a data set of electron-positron collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of ${\rm 2.93~fb^{-1}}$ taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, a search for the baryon ( $B$ ) and lepton ( $L$ ) number violating decays $D^{\pm}\to n(\bar{n})e^{\pm}$ is performed. No signal is observed and the upper limits on the branching fractions at the $90\%$ confidence level are set to be $1.43\times10^{-5}$ for the decays $D^{+(-)}\to \bar{n}(n)e^{+(-)}$ with $Δ|B-L|=0$ , and $2.91\times10^{-5}$ for the decays $D^{+(-)}\to n(\bar{n})e^{+(-)}$ with $Δ|B-L|=2$ , where $Δ|B-L|$ denotes the change in the difference between baryon and lepton numbers.

preprint2022arXiv

Search for invisible decays of the $Λ$ baryon

A search for invisible decays of the $Λ$ baryon is carried out in the process $J/ψ\toΛ\barΛ$ based on $(1.0087\pm0.0044)\times10^{10}$ $J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector located at the BEPCII storage ring. No signals are found for the invisible decays of $Λ$ baryon, and the upper limit of the branching fraction is determined to be $7.4 \times 10^{-5}$ at the 90% confidence level. This is the first search for invisible decays of baryons; such searches will play an important role in constraining dark sector models related to the baryon asymmetry.

preprint2022arXiv

Search for new hadronic decays of $h_{c}$ and observation of $h_{c}\to p\bar{p}η$

A search for the hadronic decays of the $h_{c}$ meson to the final states $p\bar{p}π^{+}π^{-}π^{0}$ , $p\bar{p}η$ , and $p\bar{p}π^0$ via the process $ψ(3686) \to π^{0}{h_c}$ is performed using $(4.48\pm0.03)\times10^{8}$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector. The decay channel $h_{c}\to p\bar{p}η$ is observed for the first time with a significance greater than $5σ$ and a branching fraction of $\left( {6.41 \pm 1.74 \pm 0.53 \pm 1.00} \right) \times {10^{ -4}}$ , where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and that from the branching fraction of $ψ(3686)\toπ^{0}h_{c}$ . Strong evidence for the decay ${h_c} \to p\bar{p}{π^+}{π^-}{π^0}$ is found with a significance of $4.9σ$ and a branching fraction of $\left( {3.84 \pm 0.83 \pm0.69} \pm 0.58 \right) \times {10^{ - 3}}$ . The significances include systematic uncertainties. No clear signal of the decay $h_c\to p\bar{p}π^{0}$ is found, and an upper limit of $6.59\times 10^{-4}$ on its branching fraction is set at the 90% confidence level.

preprint2022arXiv

Search for the decay $D^{0} \to π^{0} ν\barν$

We present the first experimental search for the rare charm decay $D^{0} \to π^{0} ν\barν$ . It is based on an $e^+e^-$ collision sample consisting of $10.6\times10^{6}$ pairs of $D^0\bar{D}^0$ mesons collected by the BESIII detector at $\sqrt{s}$ =3.773 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93~fb $^{-1}$ . A data-driven method is used to ensure the reliability of the background modeling. No significant $D^{0} \to π^{0} ν\barν$ signal is observed in data and an upper limit of the branching fraction is set to be $2.1\times 10^{-4}$ at the 90 $\%$ confidence level. This is the first experimental constraint on charmed-hadron decays into dineutrino final states.

preprint2022arXiv

Search for the decay $h_c\rightarrowπ^0J/ψ$

A search for the decay $h_c\rightarrowπ^0J/ψ$ is performed using a sample of $h_c$ produced in the reaction $e^+e^-\rightarrowπ^+π^-h_c$ . The data samples were collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.189 and 4.437 GeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 11 fb $^{-1}$ . No significant signal is observed. Upper limits on the branching ratio $\mathcal{B}(h_c\rightarrowπ^0J/ψ)/\mathcal{B}(h_c\rightarrowγη_c\rightarrowγK^+K^-π^0)$ and on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(h_c\rightarrowπ^0J/ψ)$ are determined to be $7.5\times10^{-2}$ and $4.7\times10^{-4}$ at $90\%$ confidence level, respectively. The latter is derived from the former using the measured branching fraction of the normalization channel. This is the first determination of the upper limit of the decay $h_c\rightarrowπ^0J/ψ$ .

preprint2022arXiv

The JUNO experiment and its electronics readout system

The main goal of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) under construction in China is to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to measure oscillation parameters to the sub-percent level. The detector consists of 20 ktons of liquid scintillator instrumented by 17612 20-inch photo-multiplier tubes, and 25600 3-inch small PMTs, with photo-cathode coverage of 77%. The electronics system is separated into two main parts. The front-end system, sitting under water, performs analog signal processing. The back-end electronics system, sitting outside water, consists of the DAQ and the trigger. The current production status of the experiment as well as the design of the electronics system will be reported in the presentation.

preprint2021arXiv

Cross section measurements of the $e^+e^-\to D^{+}D^{-}$ and $e^+e^-\to D^{*+}D^{-}$ processes at center-of-mass energies from 4.085 to 4.600 GeV

The Born cross sections of the $e^+e^-\to D^{*+}D^{*-}$ and $e^+e^-\to D^{*+}D^{-}$ processes are measured using $e^+e^-$ collision data collected with the BESIII experiment at center-of-mass energies from 4.085 to 4.600 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $15.7~{\rm fb}^{-1}$ . The results are consistent with and more precise than the previous measurements by the Belle, Babar and CLEO collaborations. The measurements are essential for understanding the nature of vector charmonium and charmonium-like states.

preprint2021arXiv

Cross sections for the reactions $e^+e^-\rightarrow K^+K^-π^+π^-(π^0)$ , $K^+K^-K^+K^-(π^0)$ , $π^+π^-π^+π^-(π^0)$ , $p\bar{p}π^+π^-(π^0)$ in the energy region between 3.773 and 4.600 GeV

Using the data samples collected in the energy range from 3.773 to 4.600 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we measure the dressed cross sections as a function of center-of-mass energy for $e^+e^-\rightarrow K^+K^-π^+π^-(π^0)$ , $K^+K^-K^+K^-(π^0)$ , $π^+π^-π^+π^-(π^0)$ , and $p\bar{p}π^+π^-(π^0)$ . The cross sections for $e^+e^-\rightarrow K^+K^-K^+K^-π^0$ , $p\bar{p}π^+π^-(π^0)$ are the first measurements. Cross sections for the other five channels are much more precise than previous results in this energy region. We also search for charmonium and charmonium-like resonances, such as the $Y(4230)$ , decaying into the same final states. We find evidence of the $ψ(4040)$ decaying to $π^+π^-π^+π^-π^0$ with a statistical significance of $3.6σ$ . Upper limits are provided for other decays since no clear signals are observed.

preprint2021arXiv

Design of an Internet of Things - based multi-channel temperature monitoring system

In the scope of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) project, 6 back-end card (BEC) mezzanines connected to one BEC base board are in charge of compensating the attenuated incoming data from 48 front-end channels over 48 100-meter-long ethernet cables. Each of the mezzanines has 16 equalizers that may be subject to overheating. It is important therefore to monitor their temperature in real time. However, collecting data from a relatively large (1080) number of mezzanines is not a trivial task. In this work we propose a solution based on Wi-Fi mesh. Both the technical details and the first test results performed are be reported.

preprint2021arXiv

Evidence for $Z_{c}^{\pm}$ decays into the $ρ^{\pm} η_{c}$ final state

We study $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions with a $π^{+}π^{-}π^{0}η_{c}$ final state using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s}=4.226$ , $4.258$ , $4.358$ , $4.416$ , and $4.600$ GeV. Evidence for the decay $\zcpm\to\rhopm\etac$ is reported with a statistical significance of $3.9σ$ with various systematic uncertainties taken into account at $\sqrt{s} = 4.226$ GeV, and the Born cross section times branching fraction $σ^{B}(\EE\to \pimp\zcpm)\times \BR(\zcpm\to\rhopm\etac)$ is measured to be $(48 \pm 11 \pm 11)\,\rm{pb}$ . The $\zcpm\to \rhopm\etac$ signal is not significant at the other center-of-mass energies and the corresponding upper limits are determined. In addition, no significant signal is observed in a search for $\zcppm\to ρ^{\pm}\etac$ with the same data samples. The ratios $R_{\zc}=\BR(\zcpm\to ρ^{\pm} \etac)/\BR(\zcpm\to π^{\pm} \jpsi)$ and $R_{\zcp}=\BR(\zcppm\to ρ^{\pm} \etac)/\BR(\zcppm\to π^{\pm} \hc)$ are obtained and used to discriminate between different theoretical interpretations of the $\zcpm$ and $\zcppm$.

preprint2021arXiv

JUNO Physics and Detector

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kton LS detector at 700-m underground. An excellent energy resolution and a large fiducial volume offer exciting opportunities for addressing many important topics in neutrino and astro-particle physics. With 6 years of data, the neutrino mass ordering can be determined at 3-4 sigma and three oscillation parameters can be measured to a precision of 0.6% or better by detecting reactor antineutrinos. With 10 years of data, DSNB could be observed at 3-sigma; a lower limit of the proton lifetime of 8.34e33 years (90% C.L.) can be set by searching for p->nu_bar K^+; detection of solar neutrinos would shed new light on the solar metallicity problem and examine the vacuum-matter transition region. A core-collapse supernova at 10 kpc would lead to ~5000 IBD and ~2000 (300) all-flavor neutrino-proton (electron) scattering events. Geo-neutrinos can be detected with a rate of ~400 events/year. We also summarize the final design of the JUNO detector and the key R&D achievements. All 20-inch PMTs have been tested. The average photon detection efficiency is 28.9% for the 15,000 MCP PMTs and 28.1% for the 5,000 dynode PMTs, higher than the JUNO requirement of 27%. Together with the >20 m attenuation length of LS, we expect a yield of 1345 p.e. per MeV and an effective energy resolution of 3.02%/\sqrt{E (MeV)}$ in simulations. The underwater electronics is designed to have a loss rate <0.5% in 6 years. With degassing membranes and a micro-bubble system, the radon concentration in the 35-kton water pool could be lowered to <10 mBq/m^3. Acrylic panels of radiopurity <0.5 ppt U/Th are produced. The 20-kton LS will be purified onsite. Singles in the fiducial volume can be controlled to ~10 Hz. The JUNO experiment also features a double calorimeter system with 25,600 3-inch PMTs, a LS testing facility OSIRIS, and a near detector TAO.

preprint2021arXiv

Lifelong Learning based Disease Diagnosis on Clinical Notes

Current deep learning based disease diagnosis systems usually fall short in catastrophic forgetting, i.e., directly fine-tuning the disease diagnosis model on new tasks usually leads to abrupt decay of performance on previous tasks. What is worse, the trained diagnosis system would be fixed once deployed but collecting training data that covers enough diseases is infeasible, which inspires us to develop a lifelong learning diagnosis system. In this work, we propose to adopt attention to combine medical entities and context, embedding episodic memory and consolidation to retain knowledge, such that the learned model is capable of adapting to sequential disease-diagnosis tasks. Moreover, we establish a new benchmark, named Jarvis-40, which contains clinical notes collected from various hospitals. Our experiments show that the proposed method can achieve state-of-the-art performance on the proposed benchmark.

preprint2021arXiv

Measurement of Branching Fractions of $J/ψ$ and $ψ(3686)$ decays to $Σ^{+}$ and $\overlineΣ^-$

Using $1310.6\times10^{6}$ $J/ψ$ and $448.1\times10^{6}$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector, the branching fractions of $J/ψ$ and $ψ(3686)$ decays to $Σ^{+}\overlineΣ^{-}$ are measured to be $(10.61 \pm 0.04 \pm 0.36) \times 10^{-4}$ and $(2.52 \pm 0.04 \pm 0.09) \times 10^{-4}$ , respectively. In addition, the ratio of $\mathcal{B}(ψ(3686) \rightarrow Σ^{+}\overlineΣ^{-})/\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\rightarrow Σ^{+}\overlineΣ^{-})$ is determined to be $(23.8 \pm 1.1)\%$ which violates the " $12\%$ rule".

preprint2021arXiv

Measurement of cross-section for $e^+e^-\toΞ^-\barΞ^+$ near threshold at BESIII

The Born cross-sections and effective form factors for process $e^+e^-\toΞ^-\barΞ^+$ are measured at eight center-of-mass energies between 2.644 and 3.080 GeV, using a total integrated luminosity of 363.9 pb $^{-1}$ $e^+e^-$ collision data collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. After performing a fit to the Born cross-section of $e^+e^-\toΞ^-\barΞ^+$ , no significant threshold effect is observed.

preprint2021arXiv

Measurement of the $e^{+}e^{-}\toΣ^{0}\barΣ^{0}$ cross sections at center-of-mass energies from $2.3864$ to $3.0200$ GeV

The Born cross sections of $e^{+}e^{-}\to Σ^{0}\barΣ^{0}$ are measured at center-of-mass energies from $2.3864$ to $3.0200$ GeV using data samples with an integrated luminosity of $328.5$ pb $^{-1}$ collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider. The analysis makes use of a novel reconstruction method for energies near production threshold, while a single-tag method is employed at other center-of-mass energies. The measured cross sections are consistent with earlier results from BaBar, with a substantially improved precision. The cross-section lineshape can be well described by a perturbative QCD-driven energy function. In addition, the effective form factors of the $Σ^{0}$ baryon are determined. The results provide precise experimental input for testing various theoretical predictions.

preprint2021arXiv

Measurements of $e^+e^-\rightarrow η_{\rm c}π^+ π^-π^0$ , $η_{\rm c}π^+ π^-$ and $η_{\rm c}π^0γ$ at $\sqrt{s}$ from 4.18 to 4.60\,GeV, and search for a $Z_{\rm c}$ state close to the $D\bar{D}$ threshold decaying to $η_{\rm c}π$ at $\sqrt{s}$ = 4.23 GeV

We study $η_{\rm c}$ production at center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s}$ from 4.18 to 4.60 GeV in $e^+e^-$ annihilation data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, corresponding to 7.3 fb $^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. We measure the cross sections of the three different exclusive reactions $e^+e^-\rightarrow η_{\rm c}π^+ π^-π^0$ , $e^+e^- \rightarrow η_{\rm c}π^+ π^-$ , and $e^+e^- \rightarrow η_{\rm c}π^0γ$ . We find significant $η_{\rm c}$ production in $e^+e^-\rightarrow η_{\rm c}π^+ π^-π^0$ at $\sqrt{s}$ of 4.23 GeV and 4.26 GeV and observe a significant energy-dependent Born cross section that we measure to be consistent with the production via the intermediate $Y(4260)$ resonance. In addition, we perform a search for a charmonium-like $Z_{\rm c}$ state close to the $D\bar{D}$ threshold that decays to $η_{\rm c}π$ , involving ground state charmonium, and observe no signal. Corresponding upper limits on the cross section of $η_{\rm c}$ and $Z_{\rm c}$ production are provided, where the yields are not found to be significant.

preprint2021arXiv

Model independent determination of the spin of the $Ω^{-}$ and its polarization alignment in $ψ(3686)\rightarrowΩ^{-}\barΩ^{+}$

We present an analysis of the process $ψ(3686) \to Ω^- \barΩ^+$ ( $Ω^-\to K^-Λ$ , $\barΩ^+\to K^+\barΛ$ , $Λ\to pπ^-$ , $\barΛ\to \bar{p}π^+$ ) based on a data set of $448\times 10^6$ $ψ(3686)$ decays collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII electron-positron collider. The helicity amplitudes for the process $ψ(3686) \to Ω^- \barΩ^+$ and the decay parameters of the subsequent decay $Ω^-\to K^-Λ$ $(\barΩ^+\to K^+\barΛ)$ are measured for the first time by a fit to the angular distribution of the complete decay chain. The branching fraction of $ψ(3686) \to Ω^- \barΩ^+$ is measured to be $(5.82\pm 0.12\pm 0.24)\times 10^{-5}$ , with an improved precision compared to previous measurements.

preprint2021arXiv

Observation of $D^{0(+)}\to K^0_Sπ^{0(+)}ω$ and improved measurement of $D^0\to K^-π^+ω$

By analyzing an $e^+e^-$ annihilation data sample with an integrated luminosity of $2.93\ \rm fb^{-1}$ taken at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we determine the absolute branching fractions of the hadronic decays $D^0\to K^-π^+ω$ , $D^0\to K^0_Sπ^0ω$ , and $D^+\to K^0_Sπ^+ω$ to be $(3.392 \pm 0.044_{\rm stat} \pm 0.085_{\rm syst})\%$ , $(0.848 \pm 0.046_{\rm stat} \pm 0.031_{\rm syst})\%$ , and $(0.707 \pm 0.041_{\rm stat} \pm 0.029_{\rm syst})\%$ , respectively. The accuracy of the branching fraction measurement of the decay $D^0\to K^-π^+ω$ is improved by a factor of seven compared to the world average value. The $D^{0}\to K^0_Sπ^{0}ω$ and $D^{+}\to K^0_Sπ^{+}ω$ decays are observed for the first time.

preprint2021arXiv

Observation of $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrowηψ(2S)$ at center-of-mass energies from 4.236 to 4.600 GeV

Using a total of $5.25~{\rm fb}^{-1}$ of $e^{+}e^{-}$ collision data with center-of-mass energies from 4.236 to 4.600 GeV, we report the first observation of the process $e^{+}e^{-}\to ηψ(2S)$ with a statistical significance of $5σ$ . The data sets were collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. We measure the yield of events integrated over center-of-mass energies and also present the energy dependence of the measured cross section.

preprint2021arXiv

Quasimodular forms and modular differential equations which are not apparent at cusps: I

In this paper, we explore a two-way connection between quasimodular forms of depth $1$ and a class of second-order modular differential equations with regular singularities on the upper half-plane and the cusps. Here we consider the cases $Γ=Γ_0^+(N)$ generated by $Γ_0(N)$ and the Atkin-Lehner involutions for $N=1,2,3$ ( $Γ_0^+(1)=\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb Z)$ ). Firstly, we note that a quasimodular form of depth $1$ , after divided by some modular form with the same weight, is a solution of a modular differential equation. Our main results are the converse of the above statement for the groups $Γ_0^+(N)$ , $N=1,2,3$ .

preprint2021arXiv

Search for the $X(2370)$ and observation of $η_{c}\toηηη^\prime$ in $J/ψ\toγηηη^{\prime}$

Using a sample of $1.31\times10^{9} ~J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector, we perform a study of $J/ψ\toγηηη^{\prime}$ to search for the $X(2370)$ and $η_{c}$ in the $ηηη^{\prime}$ invariant mass distribution. No significant signal for the $X(2370)$ is observed, and we set an upper limit for the product branching fraction of ${\cal B}(J/ψ\toγX(2370)\cdot{\cal B}(X(2370)\toηηη^{\prime}) < 9.2\times10^{-6}$ at the 90% confidence level. A clear $η_{c}$ signal is observed for the first time, yielding a product branching fraction of ${\cal B}(J/ψ\to γη_{c})\cdot{\cal B}(η_{c}\to ηηη^{\prime}) = (4.86\pm0.62~({\rm stat.})\pm0.45~({\rm sys.}))\times10^{-5}$ .

preprint2021arXiv

Weak phases and CP-symmetry tests in sequential decays of entangled double-strange baryons

Using a sample of $1.31\times10^9$ $J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector at the electron-positron collider BEPCII, we analyse the full $J/ψ\to$ $Ξ^-\overlineΞ^+$ , $Ξ^-\to Λπ^-$ , $Λ\to pπ^-$ , $\overlineΞ^+\to\overlineΛπ^+$ , $\overlineΛ\to\overline{p}π^+$ decay chain. A new method, exploiting the fact that the $Ξ^-\overlineΞ^+$ pair is entangled and sequentially decaying, and where the complete decay chains are reconstructed, is applied for the first time. This enables precision measurements of the decay parameters for the $Ξ^-\toΛπ^-$ decay ( $α_Ξ$ , $ϕ_Ξ$ ) as well as the $\overlineΞ^+\to\overlineΛπ^+$ decay ( $\overlineα_Ξ$ , $\overlineϕ_Ξ$ ). From the decay parameters, two independent CP tests were performed, quantified by the observables $A_{\rm CP}^Ξ$ and $Δϕ_Ξ$ . Our results, $A_{\rm CP}^Ξ$ = $(6.0\pm13.4\pm5.6)\times10^{-3}$ and $Δϕ_Ξ= (-4.8\pm13.7\pm2.9)\times10^{-3}~{\rm rad}$ , are consistent with CP symmetry. Furthermore, our method enables a separation of strong and weak $Ξ\toΛπ$ decay amplitudes. This results in the first direct measurement of the weak phase difference for any baryon decay. The result is found to be $(ξ_{P} - ξ_{S}) = (1.2\pm3.4\pm0.8)\times10^{-2}$ rad and is one of the most precise tests of CP symmetry for strange baryons. The strong phase difference is measured to be $(δ_P - δ_S) = (-4.0\pm3.3\pm1.7)\times10^{-2}$ rad. In addition, we provide an independent measurement of the recently debated $Λ$ decay parameter, $α_Λ = 0.757 \pm 0.011 \pm 0.008$ . The $Λ\overlineΛ$ asymmetry is measured to be $A_{\rm CP}^Λ = (-3.7\pm11.7\pm9.0)\times10^{-3}$ .

Yifan Yang

Research overview

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116 publications

Covering Human Action Space for Computer Use: Data Synthesis and Benchmark

EmbodiSkill: Skill-Aware Reflection for Self-Evolving Embodied Agents

Geometry Conflict: Explaining and Controlling Forgetting in LLM Continual Post-Training

GUITester: Enabling GUI Agents for Exploratory Defect Discovery

MedHopQA: A Disease-Centered Multi-Hop Reasoning Benchmark and Evaluation Framework for LLM-Based Biomedical Question Answering

SLAM-LLM: A Modular, Open-Source Multimodal Large Language Model Framework and Best Practice for Speech, Language, Audio and Music Processing

SOAR: Real-Time Joint Optimization of Order Allocation and Robot Scheduling in Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems

The intrinsic subgroup of an elliptic curve and Mazur's torsion theorem

Toward Multimodal Conversational AI for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

VGGT-Edit: Feed-forward Native 3D Scene Editing with Residual Field Prediction

WavCube: Unifying Speech Representation for Understanding and Generation via Semantic-Acoustic Joint Modeling

Zoomer: Adaptive Image Focus Optimization for Black-box MLLM

Investigation of the ΔI=1/2ΔI = 1/2ΔI=1/2 rule and test of CP violation through the measurement of decay asymmetry parameters in Ξ−Ξ^-Ξ− decays

Adaptive Data Debiasing through Bounded Exploration

Search for hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness in e+e−→K+Ds∗−D∗0+c.c.e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow K^+ D_{s}^{*-} D^{*0}+c.c.e+e−→K+Ds∗−​D∗0+c.c.

Amplitude analysis and branching fraction measurement of the decay Ds+→K+π+π−D_{s}^{+} \to K^+π^+π^-Ds+​→K+π+π−

Amplitude analysis and branching-fraction measurement of Ds+→π+π0η′D_{s}^{+} \to π^{+}π^{0}η^{\prime}Ds+​→π+π0η′

Cross section measurements of the processes e+e−→ωπ0e^+e^- \rightarrow ωπ^{0}e+e−→ωπ0 and ωηωηωη at center-of-mass energies between 3.773 and 4.701 GeV

FaceMap: Towards Unsupervised Face Clustering via Map Equation

First Observation of the Semileptonic Decay Λc+→pK−e+νeΛ_c^+\rightarrow pK^- e^+ν_eΛc+​→pK−e+νe​

From 996 to 007: Challenges of Working from Home During the Epidemic in China

Investigating Information Inconsistency in Multilingual Open-Domain Question Answering

Mass Testing and Characterization of 20-inch PMTs for JUNO

Measurement of e+e−→K+K−π0e^{+}e^{-} \to K^{+}K^{-}π^{0}e+e−→K+K−π0 cross section and observation of a resonant structure

Measurement of ΛΛΛ baryon polarization in e+e−→ΛΛˉe^+e^-\rightarrowΛ\barΛe+e−→ΛΛˉ at s=3.773\sqrt{s} = 3.773s​=3.773 GeV

Measurement of the D→K−π+π+π−D \to K^-π^+π^+π^-D→K−π+π+π− and D→K−π+π0D \to K^-π^+π^0D→K−π+π0 coherence factors and average strong-phase differences in quantum-correlated DDˉ{D\bar{D}}DDˉ decays

Measurement of the branching fraction and decay asymmetry of Λ→nγΛ\to nγΛ→nγ

Measurement of the branching fraction for ψ(3686)→ωKS0KS0ψ(3686)\to ωK^0_SK^0_Sψ(3686)→ωKS0​KS0​

Measurement of the branching fraction of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decay D0→K+π−π0D^0\to K^+π^-π^0D0→K+π−π0 and search for D0→K+π−π0π0D^0\to K^+π^-π^0π^0D0→K+π−π0π0

Measurement of the Cross Section for e+e−→e^{+}e^{-}\toe+e−→ hadrons at Energies from 2.2324 to 3.6710 GeV

Measurement of the cross section of e+e−→ηπ+π−e^{+}e^{-}\toηπ^{+}π^{-}e+e−→ηπ+π− at center-of-mass energies from 3.872 GeV to 4.700 GeV

Measurement of the total and leptonic decay widths of the J/ψJ/ψJ/ψ resonance with an energy scan method at BESIII

Measurements of Absolute Branching Fractions of D0→KL0ϕD^0\to K_L^0ϕD0→KL0​ϕ, KL0ηK_L^0ηKL0​η, KL0ωK_L^0ωKL0​ω, and KL0η′K_L^0η^{\prime}KL0​η′

Measurements of the absolute branching fractions of hadronic DDD-meson decays involving kaons and pions

Observation of a0(1710)+→KS0K+a_0(1710)^+ \to K_S^0K^+a0​(1710)+→KS0​K+ in study of the Ds+→KS0K+π0D_s^+\to K_S^0K^+π^0Ds+​→KS0​K+π0 decay

Observation of ηc(2S)→3(π+π−)η_c(2S) \to 3(π^+π^-)ηc​(2S)→3(π+π−) and measurements of χcJ→3(π+π−)χ_{cJ} \to 3(π^+π^-)χcJ​→3(π+π−) in ψ(3686)ψ(3686)ψ(3686) radiative transitions

Observation of resonance structures in e+e−→π+π−ψ2(3823)e^+e^-\to π^+π^-ψ_2(3823)e+e−→π+π−ψ2​(3823) and mass measurement of ψ2(3823)ψ_2(3823)ψ2​(3823)

Observation of the double Dalitz decay η′→e+e−e+e−η'\to e^+e^-e^+e^-η′→e+e−e+e−

Observation of the electromagnetic Dalitz decay D∗0→D0e+e−D^{\ast 0}\to D^{0}e^{+}e^{-}D∗0→D0e+e−

Observation of the Singly Cabibbo-Suppressed Decay Λc+→nπ+Λ_{c}^{+} \to nπ^{+}Λc+​→nπ+

Online Video Super-Resolution with Convolutional Kernel Bypass Graft

Partial wave analysis of J/ψ→γη′η′J/ψ\to γη^{\prime} η^{\prime}J/ψ→γη′η′

Search for X(3872)→π0χc0X(3872)\toπ^0χ_{c0}X(3872)→π0χc0​ and X(3872)→ππχc0X(3872)\toππχ_{c0}X(3872)→ππχc0​ at BESIII

Search for baryon and lepton number violating decays D0→pˉe+D^{0}\to \bar{p}e^{+}D0→pˉ​e+ and D0→pe−D^{0}\to pe^{-}D0→pe−

Search for baryon and lepton number violation decay D±→n(nˉ)e±D^{\pm}\to n(\bar{n})e^{\pm}D±→n(nˉ)e±

Search for invisible decays of the ΛΛΛ baryon

Search for new hadronic decays of hch_{c}hc​ and observation of hc→ppˉηh_{c}\to p\bar{p}ηhc​→ppˉ​η

Search for the decay D0→π0ννˉD^{0} \to π^{0} ν\barνD0→π0ννˉ

Search for the decay hc→π0J/ψh_c\rightarrowπ^0J/ψhc​→π0J/ψ

The JUNO experiment and its electronics readout system

Cross section measurements of the e+e−→D∗+D∗−e^+e^-\to D^{*+}D^{*-}e+e−→D∗+D∗− and e+e−→D∗+D−e^+e^-\to D^{*+}D^{-}e+e−→D∗+D− processes at center-of-mass energies from 4.085 to 4.600 GeV

Design of an Internet of Things - based multi-channel temperature monitoring system

Evidence for Zc±Z_{c}^{\pm}Zc±​ decays into the ρ±ηcρ^{\pm} η_{c}ρ±ηc​ final state

JUNO Physics and Detector

Lifelong Learning based Disease Diagnosis on Clinical Notes

Measurement of Branching Fractions of J/ψJ/ψJ/ψ and ψ(3686)ψ(3686)ψ(3686) decays to Σ+Σ^{+}Σ+ and Σ‾−\overlineΣ^-Σ−

Measurement of cross-section for e+e−→Ξ−Ξˉ+e^+e^-\toΞ^-\barΞ^+e+e−→Ξ−Ξˉ+ near threshold at BESIII

Measurement of the e+e−→Σ0Σˉ0e^{+}e^{-}\toΣ^{0}\barΣ^{0}e+e−→Σ0Σˉ0 cross sections at center-of-mass energies from 2.38642.38642.3864 to 3.02003.02003.0200 GeV

Model independent determination of the spin of the Ω−Ω^{-}Ω− and its polarization alignment in ψ(3686)→Ω−Ωˉ+ψ(3686)\rightarrowΩ^{-}\barΩ^{+}ψ(3686)→Ω−Ωˉ+

Observation of D0(+)→KS0π0(+)ωD^{0(+)}\to K^0_Sπ^{0(+)}ωD0(+)→KS0​π0(+)ω and improved measurement of D0→K−π+ωD^0\to K^-π^+ωD0→K−π+ω

Observation of e+e−→ηψ(2S)e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrowηψ(2S)e+e−→ηψ(2S) at center-of-mass energies from 4.236 to 4.600 GeV

Quasimodular forms and modular differential equations which are not apparent at cusps: I

Search for the X(2370)X(2370)X(2370) and observation of ηc→ηηη′η_{c}\toηηη^\primeηc​→ηηη′ in J/ψ→γηηη′J/ψ\toγηηη^{\prime}J/ψ→γηηη′

Weak phases and CP-symmetry tests in sequential decays of entangled double-strange baryons

Σ+Σ^{+}Σ+ and Σˉ−\barΣ^-Σˉ− polarization in the J/ψJ/ψJ/ψ and ψ(3686)ψ(3686)ψ(3686) decays

A New Unified Deep Learning Approach with Decomposition-Reconstruction-Ensemble Framework for Time Series Forecasting

Analysis of the decay D0→KS0K+K−D^0\rightarrow K_{S}^{0} K^{+} K^{-}D0→KS0​K+K−

COVID-19 Public Opinion and Emotion Monitoring System Based on Time Series Thermal New Word Mining

Cross section measurement of e+e−→η′J/ψe^+e^- \rightarrow η'J/ψe+e−→η′J/ψ from s=4.178\sqrt{s} = 4.178s​=4.178 to 4.6004.6004.600 GeV

Determination of strong-phase parameters in D→KS,L0π+π−D\rightarrow K^0_{S,L}π^+π^-D→KS,L0​π+π−

Erratum to "Measurement of the e+e−→π+π−e^+e^-\toπ^+π^-e+e−→π+π− cross section between 600 and 900 MeV using initial state radiation"

Experiments of Federated Learning for COVID-19 Chest X-ray Images

Feasibility and physics potential of detecting 8^88B solar neutrinos at JUNO

First Measurements of χcJ→Σ−Σˉ+(J=0,1,2)χ_{cJ}\rightarrow Σ^{-} \barΣ^{+} (J = 0, 1, 2)χcJ​→Σ−Σˉ+(J=0,1,2) Decays

Future Physics Programme of BESIII

Inclusive charged and neutral particle multiplicity distributions in χcJχ_{cJ}χcJ​ and J/ψJ/ψJ/ψ decays

Investigation of the $ΔI = 1/2$ rule and test of CP violation through the measurement of decay asymmetry parameters in $Ξ^-$ decays

Search for hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness in $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow K^+ D_{s}^{-} D^{0}+c.c.$

Amplitude analysis and branching fraction measurement of the decay $D_{s}^{+} \to K^+π^+π^-$

Amplitude analysis and branching-fraction measurement of $D_{s}^{+} \to π^{+}π^{0}η^{\prime}$

Cross section measurements of the processes $e^+e^- \rightarrow ωπ^{0}$ and $ωη$ at center-of-mass energies between 3.773 and 4.701 GeV

First Observation of the Semileptonic Decay $Λ_c^+\rightarrow pK^- e^+ν_e$

Measurement of $e^{+}e^{-} \to K^{+}K^{-}π^{0}$ cross section and observation of a resonant structure

Measurement of $Λ$ baryon polarization in $e^+e^-\rightarrowΛ\barΛ$ at $\sqrt{s} = 3.773$ GeV

Measurement of the $D \to K^-π^+π^+π^-$ and $D \to K^-π^+π^0$ coherence factors and average strong-phase differences in quantum-correlated ${D\bar{D}}$ decays

Measurement of the branching fraction and decay asymmetry of $Λ\to nγ$

Measurement of the branching fraction for $ψ(3686)\to ωK^0_SK^0_S$

Measurement of the branching fraction of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decay $D^0\to K^+π^-π^0$ and search for $D^0\to K^+π^-π^0π^0$

Measurement of the Cross Section for $e^{+}e^{-}\to$ hadrons at Energies from 2.2324 to 3.6710 GeV

Measurement of the cross section of $e^{+}e^{-}\toηπ^{+}π^{-}$ at center-of-mass energies from 3.872 GeV to 4.700 GeV

Measurement of the total and leptonic decay widths of the $J/ψ$ resonance with an energy scan method at BESIII

Measurements of Absolute Branching Fractions of $D^0\to K_L^0ϕ$ , $K_L^0η$ , $K_L^0ω$ , and $K_L^0η^{\prime}$

Measurements of the absolute branching fractions of hadronic $D$ -meson decays involving kaons and pions

Observation of $a_0(1710)^+ \to K_S^0K^+$ in study of the $D_s^+\to K_S^0K^+π^0$ decay

Observation of $η_c(2S) \to 3(π^+π^-)$ and measurements of $χ_{cJ} \to 3(π^+π^-)$ in $ψ(3686)$ radiative transitions

Observation of resonance structures in $e^+e^-\to π^+π^-ψ_2(3823)$ and mass measurement of $ψ_2(3823)$

Observation of the double Dalitz decay $η'\to e^+e^-e^+e^-$

Observation of the electromagnetic Dalitz decay $D^{\ast 0}\to D^{0}e^{+}e^{-}$

Observation of the Singly Cabibbo-Suppressed Decay $Λ_{c}^{+} \to nπ^{+}$

Partial wave analysis of $J/ψ\to γη^{\prime} η^{\prime}$

Search for $X(3872)\toπ^0χ_{c0}$ and $X(3872)\toππχ_{c0}$ at BESIII

Search for baryon and lepton number violating decays $D^{0}\to \bar{p}e^{+}$ and $D^{0}\to pe^{-}$

Search for baryon and lepton number violation decay $D^{\pm}\to n(\bar{n})e^{\pm}$

Search for invisible decays of the $Λ$ baryon

Search for new hadronic decays of $h_{c}$ and observation of $h_{c}\to p\bar{p}η$

Search for the decay $D^{0} \to π^{0} ν\barν$

Search for the decay $h_c\rightarrowπ^0J/ψ$

Cross section measurements of the $e^+e^-\to D^{+}D^{-}$ and $e^+e^-\to D^{*+}D^{-}$ processes at center-of-mass energies from 4.085 to 4.600 GeV

Evidence for $Z_{c}^{\pm}$ decays into the $ρ^{\pm} η_{c}$ final state

Measurement of Branching Fractions of $J/ψ$ and $ψ(3686)$ decays to $Σ^{+}$ and $\overlineΣ^-$

Measurement of cross-section for $e^+e^-\toΞ^-\barΞ^+$ near threshold at BESIII

Measurement of the $e^{+}e^{-}\toΣ^{0}\barΣ^{0}$ cross sections at center-of-mass energies from $2.3864$ to $3.0200$ GeV

Model independent determination of the spin of the $Ω^{-}$ and its polarization alignment in $ψ(3686)\rightarrowΩ^{-}\barΩ^{+}$

Observation of $D^{0(+)}\to K^0_Sπ^{0(+)}ω$ and improved measurement of $D^0\to K^-π^+ω$

Observation of $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrowηψ(2S)$ at center-of-mass energies from 4.236 to 4.600 GeV

Search for the $X(2370)$ and observation of $η_{c}\toηηη^\prime$ in $J/ψ\toγηηη^{\prime}$

$Σ^{+}$ and $\barΣ^-$ polarization in the $J/ψ$ and $ψ(3686)$ decays

Analysis of the decay $D^0\rightarrow K_{S}^{0} K^{+} K^{-}$

Cross section measurement of $e^+e^- \rightarrow η'J/ψ$ from $\sqrt{s} = 4.178$ to $4.600$ GeV

Determination of strong-phase parameters in $D\rightarrow K^0_{S,L}π^+π^-$

Erratum to "Measurement of the $e^+e^-\toπ^+π^-$ cross section between 600 and 900 MeV using initial state radiation"

Feasibility and physics potential of detecting $^8$ B solar neutrinos at JUNO

First Measurements of $χ_{cJ}\rightarrow Σ^{-} \barΣ^{+} (J = 0, 1, 2)$ Decays

Inclusive charged and neutral particle multiplicity distributions in $χ_{cJ}$ and $J/ψ$ decays

Measurement of {\boldmath $J/ψ\toΞ(1530)^{-}\barΞ^{+}$ } and evidence for the radiative decay {\boldmath $Ξ(1530)^{-}\toγΞ^-$ }

Measurement of proton electromagnetic form factors in $e^+e^- \to p\bar{p}$ in the energy region 2.00-3.08 GeV

Measurement of Singly Cabibbo-Suppressed Decays $D \to ωππ$

Measurement of the Born Cross Sections for $e^+e^-\to D_s^+ D_{s1}(2460)^- +c.c.$ and $e^+e^-\to D_s^{\ast +} D_{s1}(2460)^- +c.c.$

Measurement of the cross section for $e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrowΞ^{-}\barΞ^{+}$ and observation of an excited $Ξ$ baryon

Model-independent determination of the relative strong-phase difference between $D^0$ and $\bar{D}^0\rightarrow K^0_{S,L}π^+π^-$ and its impact on the measurement of the CKM angle $γ/ϕ_3$

Modular units and cuspidal divisor classes on $X_0(n^2M)$ with $n|24$ and $M$ squarefree

Observation of a resonant structure in $e^{+}e^{-} \to ωη$ and another in $e^{+}e^{-} \to ωπ^{0}$ at center-of-mass energies between 2.00 and 3.08 GeV

Observation of a structure in $e^+e^- \to ϕη^{\prime}$ at $\sqrt{s}$ from 2.05 to 3.08 GeV

Observation of the $Y(4220)$ and $Y(4360)$ in the process $e^{+}e^{-} \to ηJ/ψ$

Partial wave analysis of $ψ(3686)\rightarrow K^{+}K^{-}η$

Ramanujan-type $1/π$ -series from bimodular forms

Search for baryon and lepton number violating decays $D^+\to\barΛ(\barΣ^0)e^+$ and $D^+\toΛ(Σ^0)e^+$

Search for New Hadronic Decays of $h_c$ and Observation of $h_c\rightarrow K^{+}K^{-}π^{+}π^{-}π^{0}$

Search for the decay $J/ψ\toγ+ \rm {invisible}$

Search for the semileptonic decay $D^{0(+)}\to b_1(1235)^{-(0)} e^+ν_e$

Study of $e^{+}e^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} π^{+} π^{-}$ at center-of-mass energies from 4.36 to 4.60 GeV

Study of BESIII Trigger Efficiencies with the 2018 $J/ψ$ Data

The smallest parts function associated with $ω(q)$

Observation of the decays $χ_{cJ} \to ϕϕη$

Search for the rare decay $η'\rightarrowπ^{0}π^{0}π^{0}π^{0}$ at BESIII