The Impossibility of Testing for Dependence Using Kendall's $τ$ Under Missing Data of Unknown Form

This paper discusses the statistical inference problem associated with testing for dependence between two continuous random variables using Kendall's $τ$ in the context of the missing data problem. We prove the worst-case identified set for this measure of association always includes zero. The consequence of this result is that robust inference for dependence using Kendall's $τ$, where robustness is with respect to the form of the missingness-generating process, is impossible.

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