Lamplighter groups, median spaces, and Hilbertian geometry

From any two median spaces $X,Y$, we construct a new median space $X \circledast Y$, referred to as the diadem product of $X$ and $Y$, and we show that this construction is compatible with wreath products in the following sense: given two finitely generated groups $G,H$ and two (equivariant) coarse embeddings into median spaces $X,Y$, there exist a(n equivariant) coarse embedding $G\wr H \to X \circledast Y$. As an application, we prove that $α_1(G \wr H) \geq \min(α_1(G),α_1(H))/2 \text{ for all finitely generated groups $G,H$,}$ where $α_1(\cdot)$ denotes the $\ell^1$-compression. As an other consequence, we recover several well-known theorems related to the Hilbertian geometry of wreath products from a unified point of view: the characterisation of wreath products satisfying Kazhdan's property (T) or the Haagerup property, as well as their discrete versions (FW) and (PW).

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