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High Temperature Multiferroic State in RBaCuFeO5 (R= Y, Lu and Tm)

Magnetic and/or dielectric behaviors have been studied for YBaCuFeO5, LuBaCuFeO5 and TmBaCuFeO5, which are known as members of oxygen-defect ordered perovskite systems RBaCuFeO5 (R=lanthanides Ln and other trivalent elements) and have two magnetic transitions: The magnetic structure of the high temperature(T) ordered phase is basically antiferromagnetic, and with decreasing T, a modulated magnetic component superposed on the antiferromagnetic moments appears at the second transition, where the ferroelectricity also appears (multiferroic). Here, we have found that all the systems studied here exhibit multiferroic behavior in the low T phase, and that TmBaCuFeO5 becomes multiferroic at a temperature as high as the melting point of ice, which is, to our knowledge, the highest value ever found in zero magnetic field.