From exponential counting to pair correlations

We prove an abstract result on the correlations of pairs of elements in an exponentially growing discrete subset $\mathcal E$ of $[0,+\infty[\,$ endowed with a weight function. Assume that there exist $α\in\mathbb R$, $c,δ>0$ such that, as $t\to+\infty$, the weighted number $\widetildeω(t)$ of elements of $\mathcal E$ that are not greater than $t$ is equivalent to $c\,t^αe^{δt}$. We prove that the distribution function of the unscaled differences of elements of $\mathcal E$ is $t\mapsto\fracδ2\,e^{-|t|}$, and that, under an error term assumption on $\widetildeω(t)$, the pair correlation with a scaling with polynomial growth exhibits a Poissonian behaviour. We apply this result to answer a question of Pollicott and Sharp on the pair correlations of closed geodesics and common perpendiculars in negatively curved manifolds and metric graphs.

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