A symplectic extension map and a new Shubin class of pseudo-differential operators

For an arbitrary pseudo-differential operator $A:\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}$ with Weyl symbol $a\in\mathcal{S}^{\prime}(\mathbb{R}^{2n})$, we consider the pseudo-differential operators $\widetilde{A}:\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}$ associated with the Weyl symbols $\widetilde{a}=(a\otimes1_{2k})\circ{s}$, where $1_{2k}(x)=1$ for all $x\in\mathbb{R}^{2k}$ and ${s}$ is a linear symplectomorphism of $\mathbb{R}^{2(n+k)}$. We call the operators $\widetilde{A}$ symplectic dimensional extensions of $A$. In this paper we study the relation between $A$ and $\widetilde{A}$ in detail, in particular their regularity, invertibility and spectral properties. We obtain an explicit formula allowing to express the eigenfunctions of $\widetilde{A}$ in terms of those of $A$. We use this formalism to construct new classes of pseudo-differential operators, which are extensions of the Shubin classes $HG_ρ^{m_{1},m_{0}}$ of globally hypoelliptic operators. We show that the operators in the new classes share the invertibility and spectral properties of the operators in $HG_{ρ}^{m_{1},m_{0}}$ but not the global hypoellipticity property. Finally, we study a few examples of operators that belong to the new classes and which are important in mathematical physics.

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