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Researcher profile

Zhihui Lu

Zhihui Lu contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

ResearcherAffiliation not importedOpen to collaborate
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster ComputingCryptography and SecurityMachine LearningArtificial IntelligenceComputation and LanguageMultiagent Systems

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Published work

5 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

CEE: An Inference-Time Jailbreak Defense for Embodied Intelligence via Subspace Concept Rotation

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used for task understanding and action planning in embodied intelligence (EI) systems, but their adoption substantially increases vulnerability to jailbreak attacks. While recent work explores inference-time defenses, existing methods rely on static interventions on intermediate representations, which often degrade generation quality and impair adherence to task instructions, reducing system usability in EI settings. We propose a dynamic defense framework. For each EI inference request, we dynamically construct a task-specific safety-semantic subspace, project its hidden state to the most relevant direction, and apply SLERP rotation for adaptive safety control. At comparable defense success rates, our method preserves generation quality, improves usability, reduces tuning cost, and strengthens robustness in EI scenarios.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2026arXiv

InfoDecom: Decomposing Information for Defending Against Privacy Leakage in Split Inference

Split inference (SI) enables users to access deep learning (DL) services without directly transmitting raw data. However, recent studies reveal that data reconstruction attacks (DRAs) can recover the original inputs from the smashed data sent from the client to the server, leading to significant privacy leakage. While various defenses have been proposed, they often result in substantial utility degradation, particularly when the client-side model is shallow. We identify a key cause of this trade-off: existing defenses apply excessive perturbation to redundant information in the smashed data. To address this issue in computer vision tasks, we propose InfoDecom, a defense framework that first decomposes and removes redundant information and then injects noise calibrated to provide theoretically guaranteed privacy. Experiments demonstrate that InfoDecom achieves a superior utility-privacy trade-off compared to existing baselines.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2026arXiv

Synthetic Pre-Pre-Training Improves Language Model Robustness to Noisy Pre-Training Data

Large language models (LLMs) rely on web-scale corpora for pre-training. The noise inherent in these datasets tends to obscure meaningful patterns and ultimately degrade model performance. Data curation mitigates but cannot eliminate such noise, so pre-training corpora remain noisy in practice. We therefore study whether a lightweight pre-pre-training (PPT) stage based on synthetic data with learnable temporal structure helps resist noisy data during the pre-training (PT) stage. Across various corruption settings, our method consistently improves robustness to noise during PT, with larger relative gains at higher noise levels. For a 1B-parameter model, a synthetic PPT stage with only 65M tokens achieves the same final loss as the baseline while using up to 49\% fewer natural-text PT tokens across different noise levels. Mechanistic analyses suggest PPT does not immediately suppress attention to noisy tokens. Rather, PPT-initialized models gradually downweight attention between corrupted tokens during noisy PT. This indicates that synthetic PPT inhibits noise self-modeling and shapes the subsequent optimization trajectory. Code is available at https://github.com/guox18/formal-language-prepretraining.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2022arXiv

Combined Federated and Split Learning in Edge Computing for Ubiquitous Intelligence in Internet of Things: State of the Art and Future Directions

Federated learning (FL) and split learning (SL) are two emerging collaborative learning methods that may greatly facilitate ubiquitous intelligence in Internet of Things (IoT). Federated learning enables machine learning (ML) models locally trained using private data to be aggregated into a global model. Split learning allows different portions of an ML model to be collaboratively trained on different workers in a learning framework. Federated learning and split learning, each has unique advantages and respective limitations, may complement each other toward ubiquitous intelligence in IoT. Therefore, combination of federated learning and split learning recently became an active research area attracting extensive interest. In this article, we review the latest developments in federated learning and split learning and present a survey on the state-of-the-art technologies for combining these two learning methods in an edge computing-based IoT environment. We also identify some open problems and discuss possible directions for future research in this area with a hope to further arouse the research community's interest in this emerging field.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2021arXiv

V2V-Based Task Offloading and Resource Allocation in Vehicular Edge Computing Networks

In the research and application of vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs), it is often assumed that vehicles obtain cloud computing services by accessing to roadside units (RSUs). However, due to the problems of insufficient construction quantity, limited communication range and overload of calculation load of roadside units, the calculation mode relying only on vehicle to roadside units is difficult to deal with complex and changeable calculation tasks. In this paper, when the roadside unit is missing, the vehicle mobile unit is regarded as a natural edge computing node to make full use of the excess computing power of mobile vehicles and perform the offloading task of surrounding mobile vehicles in time. In this paper, the OPFTO framework is designed, an improved task allocation algorithm HGSA is proposed, and the pre-filtering process is designed with full consideration of the moving characteristics of vehicles. In addition, vehicle simulation experiments show that the proposed strategy has the advantages of low delay and high accuracy compared with other task scheduling strategies, which provides a reference scheme for the construction of Urban Intelligent Transportation in the future.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access