Researcher profile

Liang Zeng

Liang Zeng contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

5 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

AgentOrchestra: Orchestrating Multi-Agent Intelligence with the Tool-Environment-Agent(TEA) Protocol

Recent advances in LLM-based agent systems have shown promise in tackling complex, long-horizon tasks. However, existing LLM-based agentprotocols (e.g., A2A and MCP) under-specify cross-entity lifecycle and context management, version tracking, and ad-hoc environment integration, which in turn encourages fixed, monolithic agent compositions and brittle glue code. To address these limitations, we introduce the Tool-Environment-Agent (TEA) protocol, a unified abstraction that models environments, agents, and tools as first-class resources with explicit lifecycles and versioned interfaces. TEA provides a principled foundation for end-to-end lifecycle and version management, and for associating each run with its context and outputs across components, improving traceability and reproducibility. Moreover, TEA enables continual self-evolution of agent-associated components through a closed feedback loop, producing improved versions while supporting version selection and rollback. Building on TEA, we present AgentOrchestra, a hierarchical multi-agent framework in which a central planner orchestrates specialized sub-agents for web navigation, data analysis, and file operations, and supports continual adaptation by dynamically instantiating, retrieving, and refining tools online during execution. We evaluate AgentOrchestra on three challenging benchmarks, where it consistently outperforms strong baselines and achieves 89.04% on GAIA, establishing state-of-the-art performance to the best of our knowledge. Overall, our results provide evidence that TEA and hierarchical orchestration improve scalability and generality in multi-agent systems.

preprint2026arXiv

How LLMs Are Persuaded: A Few Attention Heads, Rerouted

Language models can be persuaded to abandon factual knowledge. This vulnerability is central to AI safety, but its internal mechanism remains poorly understood. We uncover a compact causal mechanism for persuasion-induced factual errors. A small set of mid-layer attention heads almost entirely determines the model's answer. These heads write answer options into a low-dimensional polyhedron, with options occupying distinct vertices. Persuasion does not blur belief or merely reduce confidence; it causes a discrete latent jump from the correct-answer vertex to the persuasion-target vertex. We show that decision heads are not reasoning over evidence. Instead, they copy whichever option token their attention selects. Persuasion works by redirecting attention. We isolate a rank-one evidence-routing feature that controls the route. Directly modifying this feature steers the model's choice, and removing it blocks persuasion. We then trace the feature back to a band of shallower attention heads that build it from persuasive keywords in the input. Every step is validated by intervention. This mechanism appears across open-source LLMs and realistic poisoning scenarios such as Generative Engine Optimization, revealing persuasion as a narrow, monitorable circuit.

preprint2026arXiv

LLM Advertisement based on Neuron Auctions

As Large Language Models (LLMs) transition into conversational agents, generative advertising emerges as a crucial monetization strategy. However, embedding advertisements within unstructured LLM outputs introduces a critical trilemma: balancing advertiser payoffs, platform revenue, and user experience. Existing methods, such as prompt injection or rigid position slots, disrupt semantic coherence and lack a parametric framework for independent control, rendering rigorous mechanism design intractable. To bridge this gap, we introduce Neuron Auctions, a novel paradigm that shifts the auction object from the surface text space to the LLM's internal representations. Leveraging mechanistic interpretability, we identify brand-specific feed-forward network (FFN) neurons and demonstrate that competing brands activate within approximately orthogonal subspaces. This near-perfect independence allows us to define continuous, disentangled intervention budgets (specifically, neuron counts and amplification factors) as auctionable commodities. Building on this computational carrier, we design a continuous menu-based auction mechanism that naturally guarantees strategy-proofness and optimizes revenue for the platform. By explicitly incorporating a user utility penalty into the platform's optimization objective, our framework dynamically prices out overly aggressive interventions. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Neuron Auctions effectively preserve natural discourse quality while achieving an optimal alignment between commercial incentives and user satisfaction.

preprint2022arXiv

Context-Aware Sparse Deep Coordination Graphs

Learning sparse coordination graphs adaptive to the coordination dynamics among agents is a long-standing problem in cooperative multi-agent learning. This paper studies this problem and proposes a novel method using the variance of payoff functions to construct context-aware sparse coordination topologies. We theoretically consolidate our method by proving that the smaller the variance of payoff functions is, the less likely action selection will change after removing the corresponding edge. Moreover, we propose to learn action representations to effectively reduce the influence of payoff functions' estimation errors on graph construction. To empirically evaluate our method, we present the Multi-Agent COordination (MACO) benchmark by collecting classic coordination problems in the literature, increasing their difficulty, and classifying them into different types. We carry out a case study and experiments on the MACO and StarCraft II micromanagement benchmark to demonstrate the dynamics of sparse graph learning, the influence of graph sparseness, and the learning performance of our method. (The MACO benchmark and codes are publicly available at https://github.com/TonghanWang/CASEC-MACO-benchmark.)

preprint2022arXiv

Spatio-Temporal meets Wavelet: Disentangled Traffic Flow Forecasting via Efficient Spectral Graph Attention Network

Traffic forecasting is crucial for public safety and resource optimization, yet is very challenging due to three aspects: i) current existing works mostly exploit intricate temporal patterns (e.g., the short-term thunderstorm and long-term daily trends) within a single method, which fail to accurately capture spatio-temporal dependencies under different schemas; ii) the under-exploration of the graph positional encoding limit the extraction of spatial information in the commonly used full graph attention network; iii) the quadratic complexity of the full graph attention introduces heavy computational needs. To achieve the effective traffic flow forecasting, we propose an efficient spectral graph attention network with disentangled traffic sequences. Specifically, the discrete wavelet transform is leveraged to obtain the low- and high-frequency components of traffic sequences, and a dual-channel encoder is elaborately designed to accurately capture the spatio-temporal dependencies under long- and short-term schemas of the low- and high-frequency components. Moreover, a novel wavelet-based graph positional encoding and a query sampling strategy are introduced in our spectral graph attention to effectively guide message passing and efficiently calculate the attention. Extensive experiments on four real-world datasets show the superiority of our model, i.e., the higher traffic forecasting precision with lower computational cost.