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Bo Wei

Bo Wei contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

10 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

HDRFace: Rethinking Face Restoration with High-Dimensional Representation

Face restoration under complex degradations still remains an ill-posed inverse problem due to severe information loss. Although diffusion models benefit from strong generative priors, most methods still condition only on low-quality inputs, making it difficult to recover identity-critical details under heavy degradations. In this work, we propose HDRFace, a High-Dimensional Representation conditioned Face restoration framework that injects semantically rich priors into the conditional flow without modifying the generative backbone. Our pipeline first obtains a structurally reliable intermediate restoration with an off-the-shelf restorer, then uses a pretrained high-dimensional feature encoder to extract fine-grained facial representations from both the low-quality input and the intermediate result, and injects them as additional conditions for generation. We further introduce SDFM, a Structure-Detail aware adaptive Fusion Mechanism that emphasizes global constraints during structure modeling and strengthens representation guidance during detail synthesis, balancing structural consistency and detail fidelity. To validate the generalization ability of our method, we implement the proposed framework on two generative models, SD V2.1-base and Qwen-Image, and consistently observe stable and coherent performance gains across different architectures.

preprint2022arXiv

A Comprehensive Toolbox to Facilitate Quantitative Decision Science in Drug Development: A web-based R shiny application GOahead

Decision-making is critical at each stage of drug development and making informed and transparent Go/No-Go decisions require a sound quantitative decision framework. We designed and implemented GOahead, a comprehensive web-based tool to improve how statisticians and collaborators could prospectively plan and implement the selected Go/No-Go decision approach in real-time. In the paper, we conducted a comprehensive overview of dual-criterion and confidence interval-based approaches to enable quantitative decision-making. illustrative examples are demonstrated for single and two arms designs in both Bayesian and frequentist frameworks, multiple arms design with MCP-MOD is also demonstrated. GOahead can be found on shinyapps server.

preprint2022arXiv

Dissipative stabilization of linear input delay systems via dynamical state feedback controllers: an optimization based approach

In this note, we present an effective solution to the stabilization of linear input delay systems subject to dissipative constraints while all the effect of input delay is compensated by a controller with novel structure. The method is inspired by the recent development in the mathematical treatment of distributed delays and predictor controllers, which are critical for the derivation of the solution. An important conceptual innovation is the use of a parameterized dynamical state feedback controller (DSFC), where the dimension of the controller equals the dimension of the control input. A sufficient condition for the existence of a dissipative DSFC is obtained via the Krasovskii functional approach, where the condition includes a bilinear matrix inequality (BMI). To solve the BMI, we apply an inner convex approximation algorithm which can be initialized based on an explicit construction of a predictor controller gain. The proposed DSFC can be considered as an extension of the classical predictor controller, thereby capable of compensating all the effects of the pointwise input delay while satisfying dissipative constraints. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed methodology.

preprint2022arXiv

Pensieve 5G: Implementation of RL-based ABR Algorithm for UHD 4K/8K Content Delivery on Commercial 5G SA/NR-DC Network

While the rollout of the fifth-generation mobile network (5G) is underway across the globe with the intention to deliver 4K/8K UHD videos, Augmented Reality (AR), and Virtual Reality (VR) content to the mass amounts of users, the coverage and throughput are still one of the most significant issues, especially in the rural areas, where only 5G in the low-frequency band are being deployed. This called for a high-performance adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithm that can maximize the user quality of experience given 5G network characteristics and data rate of UHD contents. Recently, many of the newly proposed ABR techniques were machine-learning based. Among that, Pensieve is one of the state-of-the-art techniques, which utilized reinforcement-learning to generate an ABR algorithm based on observation of past decision performance. By incorporating the context of the 5G network and UHD content, Pensieve has been optimized into Pensieve 5G. New QoE metrics that more accurately represent the QoE of UHD video streaming on the different types of devices were proposed and used to evaluate Pensieve 5G against other ABR techniques including the original Pensieve. The results from the simulation based on the real 5G Standalone (SA) network throughput shows that Pensieve 5G outperforms both conventional algorithms and Pensieve with the average QoE improvement of 8.8% and 14.2%, respectively. Additionally, Pensieve 5G also performed well on the commercial 5G NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NR-DC) Network, despite the training being done solely using the data from the 5G Standalone (SA) network.

preprint2022arXiv

RSSI-CSI Measurement and Variation Mitigation with Commodity WiFi Device

Owing to the plentiful information released by the commodity devices, WiFi signals have been widely studied for various wireless sensing applications. In many works, both received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and the channel state information (CSI) are utilized as the key factors for precise sensing. However, the calculation and relationship between RSSI and CSI is not explained in detail. Furthermore, there are few works focusing on the measurement variation of the WiFi signal which impacts the sensing results. In this paper, the relationship between RSSI and CSI is studied in detail and the measurement variation of amplitude and phase information is investigated by extensive experiments. In the experiments, transmitter and receiver are directly connected by power divider and RF cables and the signal transmission is quantitatively controlled by RF attenuators. By changing the intensity of attenuation, the measurement of RSSI and CSI is carried out under different conditions. From the results, it is found that in order to get a reliable measurement of the signal amplitude and phase by commodity WiFi, the attenuation of the channels should not exceed 60 dB. Meanwhile, the difference between two channels should be lower than 10 dB. An active control mechanism is suggested to ensure the measurement stability. The findings and criteria of this work is promising to facilitate more precise sensing technologies with WiFi signal.

preprint2021arXiv

Multi-breather solutions to the Sasa-Satsuma equation

General breather solution to the Sasa-Satsuma (SS) equation is systematically investigated in this paper. We firstly transform the SS equation into a set of three Hirota bilinear equations under proper plane wave background. Starting from a specially arranged tau-function of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy and a set of eleven bilinear equations satisfied, we implement a series steps of reduction procedure, i.e., C-type reduction, dimension reduction and complex conjugate reduction, and reduce these eleven equations to three bilinear equations for the SS equation. Meanwhile, general breather solution to the SS equation is found in determinant of even order. The one- and two-breather solutions are calculated and analyzed in details.

preprint2020arXiv

A Multi-view CNN-based Acoustic Classification System for Automatic Animal Species Identification

Automatic identification of animal species by their vocalization is an important and challenging task. Although many kinds of audio monitoring system have been proposed in the literature, they suffer from several disadvantages such as non-trivial feature selection, accuracy degradation because of environmental noise or intensive local computation. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based acoustic classification framework for Wireless Acoustic Sensor Network (WASN). The proposed framework is based on cloud architecture which relaxes the computational burden on the wireless sensor node. To improve the recognition accuracy, we design a multi-view Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to extract the short-, middle-, and long-term dependencies in parallel. The evaluation on two real datasets shows that the proposed architecture can achieve high accuracy and outperforms traditional classification systems significantly when the environmental noise dominate the audio signal (low SNR). Moreover, we implement and deploy the proposed system on a testbed and analyse the system performance in real-world environments. Both simulation and real-world evaluation demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed acoustic classification system in distinguishing species of animals.

preprint2020arXiv

A Randomized Nonlinear Rescaling Method in Large-Scale Constrained Convex Optimization

We propose a new randomized algorithm for solving convex optimization problems that have a large number of constraints (with high probability). Existing methods like interior-point or Newton-type algorithms are hard to apply to such problems because they have expensive computation and storage requirements for Hessians and matrix inversions. Our algorithm is based on nonlinear rescaling (NLR), which is a primal-dual-type algorithm by Griva and Polyak {[{Math. Program., 106(2):237-259, 2006}]}. NLR introduces an equivalent problem through a transformation of the constraint functions, minimizes the corresponding augmented Lagrangian for given dual variables, and then uses this minimizer to update the dual variables for the next iteration. The primal update at each iteration is the solution of an unconstrained finite sum minimization problem where the terms are weighted by the current dual variables. We use randomized first-order algorithms to do these primal updates, for which they are especially well suited. In particular, we use the scaled dual variables as the sampling distribution for each primal update, and we show that this distribution is the optimal one among all probability distributions. We conclude by demonstrating the favorable numerical performance of our algorithm.

preprint2020arXiv

Analytical Results on the Service Performance of Stochastic Clearing Systems

Stochastic clearing theory has wide spread applications in the context of supply chain and service operations management. Historical application domains include bulk service queues, inventory control, and transportation planning (e.g., vehicle dispatching and shipment consolidation). In this paper, motivated by a fundamental application in shipment consolidation, we revisit the notion of service performance for stochastic clearing system operation. More specifically, our goal is to evaluate and compare service performance of alternative operational policies for clearing decisions, as quantified by a measure of timely service referred as \emph{Average Order Delay} ($AOD$). All stochastic clearing systems are subject to service delay due to the inherent clearing practice, and $AOD$ can be thought of as a benchmark for evaluating timely service. Although stochastic clearing theory has a long history, existing literature on the analysis of $AOD$ as a service measure has several limitations. Hence, we extend the previous analysis by proposing a more general method for a generic analytical derivation of $AOD$ for any renewal-type clearing policy, including but not limited to alternative shipment consolidation policies in the previous literature. Our proposed method utilizes a new martingale point of view and lends itself for a generic analytical characterization of $AOD$, leading to a complete comparative analysis of alternative renewal-type clearing policies. Hence, we also close the gaps in literature on shipment consolidation via a complete set of analytically provable results regarding $AOD$ which were only illustrated through numerical tests previously.

preprint2020arXiv

WiEps: Measurement of Dielectric Property with Commodity WiFi Device -- An application to Ethanol/Water Mixture

WiFi signal has become accessible everywhere, providing high-speed data transmission experience. Besides the communication service, channel state information (CSI) of the WiFi signals is widely employed for numerous Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Recently, most of these applications are based on analysis of the microwave reflections caused by physical movement of the objective. In this paper, a novel contactless wireless sensing technique named WiEps is developed to measure the dielectric properties of the material, exploiting the transmission characteristics of the WiFi signals. In WiEps, the material under test is placed between the transmitter antenna and receiver antenna. A theoretical model is proposed to quantitatively describe the relationship between CSI data and dielectric properties of the material. During the experiment, the phase and amplitude of the transmitted WiFi signals are extracted from the measured CSI data. The parameters of the theoretical model are calculated using measured data from the known materials. Then, WiEps is utilized to estimate the dielectric properties of unknown materials. The proposed technique is first applied to the ethanol/water mixtures. Then, additional liquids are measured for further verification. The estimated permittivities and conductivities show good agreement with the actual values, with the average error of 4.0% and 8.9%, respectively, indicating the efficacy of WiEps. By measuring the dielectric property, this technique is promising to be applied to new IoT applications using ubiquitous WiFi signals, such as food engineering, material manufacturing process monitoring, and security check.