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Anh Tran

Anh Tran contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

7 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

SwiftPie: Lightning-fast Subject-driven Image Personalization via One step Diffusion

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in high-quality image synthesis, sparking interest in image-guided generation tasks such as subject-driven image personalization. Despite their impressive personalization results, existing methods typically rely on computationally intensive fine-tuning, iterative optimization, or multi-step denoising processes, which significantly hinder their deployment and interactive capability in real-time applications. In this work, we present SwiftPie, the first one-step diffusion image personalization tool that enables lightning-fast generation of personalized images. SwiftPie introduces a novel dual-branch identity injection mechanism that effectively integrates subject identity into a one-step diffusion model. In addition, we incorporate a mask-guided rescaling strategy to further enhance subject contextualization within a single diffusion step. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SwiftPie not only delivers superior image personalization speed but also achieves comparable performance with multi-step approaches in both identity fidelity and prompt alignment. This work opens new opportunities for real-time, high-quality personalized image generation, paving the way for interactive visual synthesis.

preprint2022arXiv

A stochastic reduced-order model for statistical microstructure descriptors evolution

Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) models have been a crucial building block for modern materials development, relieving heavy reliance on experiments and significantly accelerating the materials design process. However, ICME models are also computationally expensive, particularly with respect to time integration for dynamics, which hinders the ability to study statistical ensembles and thermodynamic properties of large systems for long time scales. To alleviate the computational bottleneck, we propose to model the evolution of statistical microstructure descriptors as a continuous-time stochastic process using a non-linear Langevin equation, where the probability density function (PDF) of the statistical microstructure descriptors, which are also the quantities of interests (QoIs), are modeled by the Fokker-Planck equation. We discuss how to calibrate the drift and diffusion terms of the Fokker-Planck equation from the theoretical and computational perspectives. The calibrated Fokker-Planck equation can be used as a stochastic reduced-order model (ROM) to simulate the microstructure evolution of statistical microstructure descriptors PDF. Considering statistical microstructure descriptors in the microstructure evolution as QoIs, we demonstrate our proposed methodology in three integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) models: kinetic Monte Carlo, phase field, and molecular dynamics simulations.

preprint2021arXiv

aphBO-2GP-3B: A budgeted asynchronous parallel multi-acquisition functions for constrained Bayesian optimization on high-performing computing architecture

High-fidelity complex engineering simulations are highly predictive, but also computationally expensive and often require substantial computational efforts. The mitigation of computational burden is usually enabled through parallelism in high-performance cluster (HPC) architecture. In this paper, an asynchronous constrained batch-parallel Bayesian optimization method is proposed to efficiently solve the computationally-expensive simulation-based optimization problems on the HPC platform, with a budgeted computational resource, where the maximum number of simulations is a constant. The advantages of this method are three-fold. First, the efficiency of the Bayesian optimization is improved, where multiple input locations are evaluated massively parallel in an asynchronous manner to accelerate the optimization convergence with respect to physical runtime. This efficiency feature is further improved so that when each of the inputs is finished, another input is queried without waiting for the whole batch to complete. Second, the method can handle both known and unknown constraints. Third, the proposed method considers several acquisition functions at the same time and sample based on an evolving probability mass distribution function using a modified GP-Hedge scheme, where parameters are corresponding to the performance of each acquisition function. The proposed framework is termed aphBO-2GP-3B, which corresponds to asynchronous parallel hedge Bayesian optimization with two Gaussian processes and three batches. The aphBO-2GP-3B framework is demonstrated using two high-fidelity expensive industrial applications, where the first one is based on finite element analysis (FEA) and the second one is based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.

preprint2021arXiv

FineNet: Frame Interpolation and Enhancement for Face Video Deblurring

The objective of this work is to deblur face videos. We propose a method that tackles this problem from two directions: (1) enhancing the blurry frames, and (2) treating the blurry frames as missing values and estimate them by interpolation. These approaches are complementary to each other, and their combination outperforms individual ones. We also introduce a novel module that leverages the structure of faces for finding positional offsets between video frames. This module can be integrated into the processing pipelines of both approaches, improving the quality of the final outcome. Experiments on three real and synthetically generated blurry video datasets show that our method outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods by a large margin in terms of both quantitative and qualitative results.

preprint2021arXiv

WaNet -- Imperceptible Warping-based Backdoor Attack

With the thriving of deep learning and the widespread practice of using pre-trained networks, backdoor attacks have become an increasing security threat drawing many research interests in recent years. A third-party model can be poisoned in training to work well in normal conditions but behave maliciously when a trigger pattern appears. However, the existing backdoor attacks are all built on noise perturbation triggers, making them noticeable to humans. In this paper, we instead propose using warping-based triggers. The proposed backdoor outperforms the previous methods in a human inspection test by a wide margin, proving its stealthiness. To make such models undetectable by machine defenders, we propose a novel training mode, called the ``noise mode. The trained networks successfully attack and bypass the state-of-the-art defense methods on standard classification datasets, including MNIST, CIFAR-10, GTSRB, and CelebA. Behavior analyses show that our backdoors are transparent to network inspection, further proving this novel attack mechanism's efficiency.

preprint2020arXiv

An active learning high-throughput microstructure calibration framework for solving inverse structure-process problems in materials informatics

Determining a process-structure-property relationship is the holy grail of materials science, where both computational prediction in the forward direction and materials design in the inverse direction are essential. Problems in materials design are often considered in the context of process-property linkage by bypassing the materials structure, or in the context of structure-property linkage as in microstructure-sensitive design problems. However, there is a lack of research effort in studying materials design problems in the context of process-structure linkage, which has a great implication in reverse engineering. In this work, given a target microstructure, we propose an active learning high-throughput microstructure calibration framework to derive a set of processing parameters, which can produce an optimal microstructure that is statistically equivalent to the target microstructure. The proposed framework is formulated as a noisy multi-objective optimization problem, where each objective function measures a deterministic or statistical difference of the same microstructure descriptor between a candidate microstructure and a target microstructure. Furthermore, to significantly reduce the physical waiting wall-time, we enable the high-throughput feature of the microstructure calibration framework by adopting an asynchronously parallel Bayesian optimization by exploiting high-performance computing resources. Case studies in additive manufacturing and grain growth are used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework, where kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulation is used as a forward predictive model, such that for a given target microstructure, the target processing parameters that produced this microstructure are successfully recovered.

preprint2020arXiv

Multi-fidelity machine-learning with uncertainty quantification and Bayesian optimization for materials design: Application to ternary random alloys

We present a scale-bridging approach based on a multi-fidelity (MF) machine-learning (ML) framework leveraging Gaussian processes (GP) to fuse atomistic computational model predictions across multiple levels of fidelity. Through the posterior variance of the MFGP, our framework naturally enables uncertainty quantification, providing estimates of confidence in the predictions. We used Density Functional Theory as high-fidelity prediction, while a ML interatomic potential is used as the low-fidelity prediction. Practical materials design efficiency is demonstrated by reproducing the ternary composition dependence of a quantity of interest (bulk modulus) across the full aluminum-niobium-titanium ternary random alloy composition space. The MFGP is then coupled to a Bayesian optimization procedure and the computational efficiency of this approach is demonstrated by performing an on-the-fly search for the global optimum of bulk modulus in the ternary composition space. The framework presented in this manuscript is the first application of MFGP to atomistic materials simulations fusing predictions between Density Functional Theory and classical interatomic potential calculations.