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Amit Kumar Das

Amit Kumar Das contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

4 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

A New Technique for AI Explainability using Feature Association Map

Lack of transparency in AI systems poses challenges in critical real-life applications. It is important to be able to explain the decisions of an AI system to ensure trust on the system. Explainable AI (XAI) algorithms play a vital role in achieving this objective. In this paper, we are proposing a new algorithm for Explaining AI systems, FAMeX (Feature Association Map based eXplainability). The proposed algorithm is based on a graph-theoretic formulation of the feature set termed as Feature Association Map (FAM). The foundation of the modelling is based on association between features. The proposed FAMeX algorithm has been found to be better than the competing XAI algorithms - Permutation Feature Importance (PFI) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Experiments conducted with eight benchmark algorithms show that FAMeX is able to gauge feature importance in the context of classification better than the competing algorithms. This definitely shows that FAMeX is a promising algorithm in explaining the predictions from an AI system

preprint2022arXiv

Bangla hate speech detection on social media using attention-based recurrent neural network

Hate speech has spread more rapidly through the daily use of technology and, most notably, by sharing your opinions or feelings on social media in a negative aspect. Although numerous works have been carried out in detecting hate speeches in English, German, and other languages, very few works have been carried out in the context of the Bengali language. In contrast, millions of people communicate on social media in Bengali. The few existing works that have been carried out need improvements in both accuracy and interpretability. This article proposed encoder decoder based machine learning model, a popular tool in NLP, to classify user's Bengali comments on Facebook pages. A dataset of 7,425 Bengali comments, consisting of seven distinct categories of hate speeches, was used to train and evaluate our model. For extracting and encoding local features from the comments, 1D convolutional layers were used. Finally, the attention mechanism, LSTM, and GRU based decoders have been used for predicting hate speech categories. Among the three encoder decoder algorithms, the attention-based decoder obtained the best accuracy (77%).

preprint2022arXiv

Stochastic gene transcription with non-competitive transcription regulatory architecture

The transcription factors, such as activators and repressors, can interact with the promoter of gene either in a competitive or non-competitive way. In this paper, we construct a stochastic model with non-competitive transcriptional regulatory architecture and develop an analytical theory that re-establishes the experimental results with an improved data fitting. The analytical expressions in the theory allow us to study the nature of the system corresponding to any of its parameters, and hence enable us to find out the factors that govern the regulation of gene expression for that architecture. We notice that, along with transcriptional reinitiation and repressors, there are other parameters that can control the noisiness of this network. We also observe that, the Fano factor (at mRNA level) varies from sub-Poissonian regime to superPoissonian regime. In addition to the aforementioned properties, we observe some anomalous characteristics of the Fano factor (at mRNA level) and that of the variance of protein at lower activator concentrations in presence of repressor molecules. This model is useful to understand the architecture of interactions which may buffer the stochasticity inherent to gene transcription.

preprint2021arXiv

Effect of transcription reinitiation in stochastic gene expression

Gene expression (GE) is an inherently random or stochastic or noisy process. The randomness in different steps of GE, e.g., transcription, translation, degradation, etc., leading to cell-to-cell variations in mRNA and protein levels. This variation appears in organisms ranging from microbes to metazoans. Stochastic gene expression has important consequences for cellular function. The random fluctuations in protein levels produce variability in cellular behavior. It is beneficial in some contexts and harmful to others. These situations include stress response, metabolism, development, cell cycle, circadian rhythms, and aging. Different model studies e.g., constitutive, two-state, etc., reveal that the fluctuations in mRNA and protein levels arise from different steps of gene expression among which the steps in transcription have the maximum effect. The pulsatile mRNA production through RNAP-II based reinitiation of transcription is an important part of gene transcription. Though, the effect of that process on mRNA and protein levels is very little known. The addition of any biochemical step in the constitutive or two-state process generally decreases the mean and increases the Fano factor. In this study, we have shown that the RNAP-II based reinitiation process in gene transcription can have different effects on both mean and Fano factor at mRNA levels in different model systems. It decreases the mean and Fano factor both at the mRNA levels in the constitutive network whereas in other networks it can simultaneously increase or decrease both quantities or it can have mixed-effect at mRNA levels. We propose that a constitutive network with reinitiation behaves like a product independent negative feedback circuit whereas other networks behave as either product independent positive or negative or mixed feedback circuit.