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Ali Kamen

Ali Kamen appears in the imported research catalog. Authorship, coauthor and topic links are available while profile ownership is still unclaimed.

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Published work

4 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

Any2Any 3D Diffusion Models with Knowledge Transfer: A Radiotherapy Planning Study

Voxel-wise dose prediction is a critical yet challenging task in practical radiotherapy (RT) planning, as bespoke models trained from scratch often struggle to generalize across diverse clinical settings. Meanwhile, generative models trained on billion-scale datasets from vision domains have achieved impressive performance. Herein, we propose DiffKT3D, a unified Any2Any 3D diffusion framework that leverages prior knowledge from pretrained video diffusion models for efficient and clinically meaningful dose prediction. To enable flexible conditioning across multiple clinical modalities (CT, anatomical structures, body, beam settings, etc.), we introduce an Any2Any conditional paradigm utilizing modality-specific embeddings without cross-attention overhead. Further, we design a novel reinforcement learning (RL) post-training mechanism guided by a clinically-informed Scorecard explicitly tailored to institutional treatment preferences. Compared with winner of GDP-HMM challenge, DiffKT3D sets a new state-of-the-art in dose prediction by reducing voxel-level MAE from 2.07 to 1.93. In addition, DiffKT3D achieves superior image quality and preference match. These results demonstrate that transferring diffusion priors via modality-aware conditioning and clinically aligned RL post-training can provide a robust and generalizable solution for RT planning across various clinical scenarios.

preprint2026arXiv

Learning to Optimize Radiotherapy Plans via Fluence Maps Diffusion Model Generation and LSTM-based Optimization

Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) is a cornerstone of modern radiation therapy, enabling highly conformal tumor irradiation and healthy-tissue sparing. Yet, its planning solves inverse and nested optimization for multi-leaf collimators, monitor units and dose parameters, while enforcing their consistency to ensure mechanical deliverability. Nevertheless, this process often requires repeated re-optimization when treatment configurations change, resulting in substantial planning time per patient. To address these problems, we present a diffusion-driven Learning-to-Optimize (L2O) method for end-to-end VMAT planning. A distribution-matching distilled diffusion model learns a clinically feasible manifold of fluence maps, enabling their one-shot generation. On top of this, an LSTM-based L2O module learns gradient update dynamics to swiftly refine fluence maps toward prescribed dose objectives during inference. Experimental results on clinical and public prostate cancer cohorts demonstrate improved planning efficiency, flexibility, and machine deliverability over currently available end-to-end VMAT planners.

preprint2022arXiv

A Wide-area, Low-latency, and Power-efficient 6-DoF Pose Tracking System for Rigid Objects

Position sensitive detectors (PSDs) offer possibility to track single active marker's two (or three) degrees of freedom (DoF) position with a high accuracy, while having a fast response time with high update frequency and low latency, all using a very simple signal processing circuit. However they are not particularly suitable for 6-DoF object pose tracking system due to lack of orientation measurement, limited tracking range, and sensitivity to environmental variation. We propose a novel 6-DoF pose tracking system for a rigid object tracking requiring a single active marker. The proposed system uses a stereo-based PSD pair and multiple Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs). This is done based on a practical approach to identify and control the power of Infrared-Light Emitting Diode (IR-LED) active markers, with an aim to increase the tracking work space and reduce the power consumption. Our proposed tracking system is validated with three different work space sizes and for static and dynamic positional accuracy using robotic arm manipulator with three different dynamic motion patterns. The results show that the static position root-mean-square (RMS) error is 0.6mm. The dynamic position RMS error is 0.7-0.9mm. The orientation RMS error is between 0.04 and 0.9 degree at varied dynamic motion. Overall, our proposed tracking system is capable of tracking a rigid object pose with sub-millimeter accuracy at the mid range of the work space and sub-degree accuracy for all work space under a lab setting.

preprint2016arXiv

An Artificial Agent for Robust Image Registration

3-D image registration, which involves aligning two or more images, is a critical step in a variety of medical applications from diagnosis to therapy. Image registration is commonly performed by optimizing an image matching metric as a cost function. However, this task is challenging due to the non-convex nature of the matching metric over the plausible registration parameter space and insufficient approaches for a robust optimization. As a result, current approaches are often customized to a specific problem and sensitive to image quality and artifacts. In this paper, we propose a completely different approach to image registration, inspired by how experts perform the task. We first cast the image registration problem as a "strategy learning" process, where the goal is to find the best sequence of motion actions (e.g. up, down, etc.) that yields image alignment. Within this approach, an artificial agent is learned, modeled using deep convolutional neural networks, with 3D raw image data as the input, and the next optimal action as the output. To cope with the dimensionality of the problem, we propose a greedy supervised approach for an end-to-end training, coupled with attention-driven hierarchical strategy. The resulting registration approach inherently encodes both a data-driven matching metric and an optimal registration strategy (policy). We demonstrate, on two 3-D/3-D medical image registration examples with drastically different nature of challenges, that the artificial agent outperforms several state-of-art registration methods by a large margin in terms of both accuracy and robustness.