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X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigation of the electronic structure of superconducting FeSex single crystals

X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) Fe K-edge spectra of the FeSex (x=1-0.8) single crystals cleaved in situ in vacuum reveal characteristic Fe 4sp states, a lattice distortion and the Se K-edge spectra point to a strong Fe 3d-Se 4p hybridization giving rise to itinerant charge carriers. A formal charge of ~1.8+ for Fe and ~2.2- for Se were evaluated from these spectra in the FeSex (x=0.88). The charge balance between Fe and Se is assigned itinerant electrons located in the Fe-Se hybridization bond. As x decreases the 4p hole count increases and a crystal structure distortion is observed that in turn causes the Fe separation in the ab plane change from 4p orbital to varying (modulating) coordination. Powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements also show a slight increase in lattice parameters as x decreases (increasing Se deficiency).