Unique decomposition for a polynomial of low rank

preprint2013arXivOpen access

Abstract

Let FF be a homogeneous polynomial of degree dd in m+1m+1 variables defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 and suppose that FF belongs to the ss-th secant variety of the dd-uple Veronese embedding of Pm\mathbb{P}^m into $ \PP {{m+d\choose d}-1}$ but that its minimal decomposition as a sum of dd-th powers of linear forms requires more than ss addenda. We show that if s≤ds\leq d then FF can be uniquely written as F=M1d+⋯+Mtd+QF=M_1^d+\cdots + M_t^d+Q, where M1,…,MtM_1, \ldots, M_t are linear forms with t≤(d−1)/2t\leq (d-1)/2, and QQ a binary form such that Q=∑i=1qlid−dimiQ=\sum_{i=1}^q l_i^{d-d_i}m_i with lil_i's linear forms and mim_i's forms of degree did_i such that ∑(di+1)=s−t\sum (d_i+1)=s-t.

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