Unified Framework of Distributional Regret in Multi-Armed Bandits and Reinforcement Learning

preprint2026arXivOpen access

Abstract

We study the distribution of regret in stochastic multi-armed bandits and episodic reinforcement learning through a unified framework. We formalize a distributional regret bound as a probabilistic guarantee that holds uniformly over all confidence levels δ∈(0,1]δ\in (0,1], thereby characterizing the regret distribution across the full range of δδ. We present a simple UCBVI-style algorithm with exploration bonus min⁡{c1,k/N,c2,k/N}\min\{c_{1,k}/N, c_{2,k}/\sqrt{N}\}, where NN denotes the visit count and (c1,k,c2,k)(c_{1,k},c_{2,k}) are user-specified parameters. For arbitrary parameter sequences, we derive general gap-independent and gap-dependent distributional regret bounds, yielding a principled characterization of how the parameters control the trade-off between expected performance, tail risk, and instance-dependent behavior. In particular, our bounds achieve optimal trade-offs between expected and distributional regret in both minimax and instance-dependent regimes. As a special case, for multi-armed bandits with AA arms and horizon TT, we obtain a distributional regret bound of order O(ATlog⁡(1/δ))\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{AT}\log(1/δ)), confirming the conjecture of Lattimore & Szepesvári (2020, Section 17.1) for the first time.

Explore this paper’s authors, topics and related work.

Building this map preview

BZPEER is loading the nearby papers, people, topics and institutions for this page.

Reviews 0

Write a reviewWrite

No reviews yet.

Discussion 0

Add a commentWrite

No comments yet.