Paper detail

Topological phase transitions in liquid crystals -- Transiciones de fase topológicas en cistales l{'ı}quidos

By means of Monte Carlo simulations, using finite size scaling and conformal transformations, evidences of a topological phase transition in liquid crystals in two dimensions are reported. A paramagnetic phase appears at high temperature whereas a quasi-long-range-order (QLRO) phase is founded at low temperatures. It is determined that the correlation function exponent, at very low temperatures, is linear with the temperature, a typical behavior of spin waves. This contradicts predictions that for systems with non-abelian group of global symmetry the spin waves are not relevant. Aditionally, the implications that would have the presence of impurities in this type of transitions is discussed. ----- Mediante simulaciones de Monte Carlo, utilizando escalamiento de tamaño finito y transformaciones conforme, se reportan evidencias de una transición de fase topológica en cristales l{\'ı}quidos en dos dimensiones. A altas temperaturas se presenta una fase paramagnética mientras que a bajas temperaturas se encuentra un fase de cuasi-largo-orden (QLRO). Se encuentra que a muy bajas temperaturas el exponente de la función de correlación de la fase QLRO es lineal con la temperatura teniéndose de esta manera un comportamiento t{\'ı}pico de ondas de esp{\'ı}n. Esto último contradice predicciones de que para sistemas con grupo de simetr{\'ı}a global no abeliano las ondas de esp{\'\}n no son relevantes. Adicionalmente se discute que implicaciones tendr{\'ı}a la presencia de impurezas en este tipo de transiciones.

preprint2004arXivOpen access

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