Abstract
The different facets of the -matrix method are presented pedagogically in a general framework. Two variants have been developed over the years: The "calculable" -matrix method is a calculational tool to derive scattering properties from the Schrödinger equation in a large variety of physical problems. It was developed rather independently in atomic and nuclear physics with too little mutual influence. The "phenomenological" -matrix method is a technique to parametrize various types of cross sections. It was mainly (or uniquely) used in nuclear physics. Both directions are explained by starting from the simple problem of scattering by a potential. They are illustrated by simple examples in nuclear and atomic physics. In addition to elastic scattering, the -matrix formalism is applied to transfer and radiative-capture reactions. We also present more recent and more ambitious applications of the theory in nuclear physics.
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