Superconducting microwave resonators with non-centrosymmetric nonlinearity

We investigated both theoretically and experimentally open-ended coplanar waveguide resonators with rf SQUIDs embedded in the central conductor at different positions. These rf SQUIDs can be tuned by an external magnetic field and thus may exhibit the non-centrosymmetric nonlinearity of $χ^{(2)}$ type with suppressed Kerr nonlinearity. We demonstrated that this nonlinearity allows for efficient mixing of $λ/2$ and $λ$ modes in the cavity and thus enables various parametric effects with three wave mixing. These effects are the second harmonic generation, the half tone generation, the parametric amplification in both degenerate and non-degenerate regimes and deamplification in degenerate regime.

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