Subbarrier fusion reactions of an aligned deformed nucleus

We discuss heavy-ion fusion reactions of a well-deformed odd-mass nucleus at energies around the Coulomb barrier. To this end, we consider the $^{16}$O+$^{165}$Ho reaction and take into account the effect of deformation of $^{165}$Ho using the orientation average formula. We show that fusion cross sections are sensitive to magnetic substates of the target nucleus, and cross sections for the side collision, which are relevant to a synthesis of superheavy elements, may be enhanced by a factor of around two by aligning the deformed target nuclei. We also discuss the effect of alignment on the fusion barrier distribution. We find that, for a particular choice of alignment, the shape of barrier distribution becomes similar to a typical shape of barrier distribution for a deformed nucleus with a negative hexadecapole deformation parameter, $β_4$, even if the intrinsic $β_4$ is positive in the target nucleus.

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