Seminormed $\ast$-subalgebras of $\ell^{\infty}(X)$

Arbitrary representations of a commutative unital ($\ast$-) $\mathbb{F}$-algebra $A$ as a subalgeba of $\mathbb{F}^X$ are considered, where $\mathbb{F}=\mathbb{C}$ or $\mathbb{R}$ and $X\neq\emptyset$. The Gelfand spectrum of $A$ is explained as a topological extension of $X$ where a seminorm on the image of $A$ in $\mathbb{F}^X$ is present. It is shown that among all seminormes, the $\sup$-norm is of special importance which reduces $\mathbb{F}^X$ to $\ell^{\infty}(X)$. The Banach subalgebra of $\ell^{\infty}(X)$ of all $Σ$-measurable bounded functions on $X$, is studied for which $Σ$ is a $σ$-algebra of subsets of $X$. In particular, we study lifting of positive measures from $(X, Σ)$ to the Gelfand spectrum of this algebra and observe an unexpected shift in the support of measures. In the case that $Σ$ is the Borel algebra of a topology, we study the relation of the underlying topology of $X$ and the one of the Gelfand spectrum.

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