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Revisiting EXTRA for Smooth Distributed Optimization

EXTRA is a popular method for dencentralized distributed optimization and has broad applications. This paper revisits EXTRA. First, we give a sharp complexity analysis for EXTRA with the improved $O\left(\left(\frac{L}μ+\frac{1}{1-σ_2(W)}\right)\log\frac{1}{ε(1-σ_2(W))}\right)$ communication and computation complexities for $μ$-strongly convex and $L$-smooth problems, where $σ_2(W)$ is the second largest singular value of the weight matrix $W$. When the strong convexity is absent, we prove the $O\left(\left(\frac{L}ε+\frac{1}{1-σ_2(W)}\right)\log\frac{1}{1-σ_2(W)}\right)$ complexities. Then, we use the Catalyst framework to accelerate EXTRA and obtain the $O\left(\sqrt{\frac{L}{μ(1-σ_2(W))}}\log\frac{ L}{μ(1-σ_2(W))}\log\frac{1}ε\right)$ communication and computation complexities for strongly convex and smooth problems and the $O\left(\sqrt{\frac{L}{ε(1-σ_2(W))}}\log\frac{1}{ε(1-σ_2(W))}\right)$ complexities for non-strongly convex ones. Our communication complexities of the accelerated EXTRA are only worse by the factors of $\left(\log\frac{L}{μ(1-σ_2(W))}\right)$ and $\left(\log\frac{1}{ε(1-σ_2(W))}\right)$ from the lower complexity bounds for strongly convex and non-strongly convex problems, respectively.