Partial GVZ-groups

Following the literature, a group $G$ is called a group of central type if $G$ has an irreducible character that vanishes on $G\setminus Z(G)$. Motivated by this definition, we say that a character $χ\in {\rm Irr}(G)$ has central type if $χ$ vanishes on $G\setminus Z(χ)$, where $Z(χ)$ is the center of $χ$. Groups where every irreducible character has central type have been studied previously under the name GVZ-groups (and several other names) in the literature. In this paper, we study the groups $G$ that possess a nontrivial, normal subgroup $N$ such that every character of $G$ either contains $N$ in its kernel or has central type. The structure of these groups is surprisingly limited and has many aspects in common with both central type groups and GVZ-groups.

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