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Off-centered Pb interstitials in PbTe

In this work, we calculate the defect properties of low-symmetry Pb interstitials in PbTe using first-principles density-functional theory calculations. We break the symmetry imposed on on-centered interstitial defects and show that the lowest ground state of Pb interstitial defects is off-centered along the [111] directions. Due to the four multi-stable structures with low defect formation energies, the defect density of Pb interstitials is expected to be ~5.6 times larger than previous predictions when PbTe is synthesized at 900 K. In contrast to the on-centered Pbinterstitial, the off-centered Pb interstitials in PbTe can exhibit long-range lattice relaxation toward [111] direction beyond distance of 1 nm, indicating the potential formation of weak local dipoles. This result provides an alternative explanation for the emphanitic anharmonicity of PbTe.