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Observation of Transverse Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations of Charged Pion Pairs in $p^\uparrow+p$ at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV

We report the observation of transverse polarization-dependent azimuthal correlations in charged pion pair production with the STAR experiment in $p^\uparrow+p$ collisions at RHIC. These correlations directly probe quark transversity distributions. We measure signals in excess of five standard deviations at high transverse momenta, at high pseudorapidities eta>0.5, and for pair masses around the mass of the rho-meson. This is the first direct transversity measurement in p+p collisions. Comparing the results to data from lepton-nucleon scattering will test the universality of these spin-dependent quantities.

preprint2015arXivOpen access

STAR Collaboration L. Adamczyk J. K. Adkins G. Agakishiev M. M. Aggarwal Z. Ahammed I. Alekseev J. Alford A. Aparin D. Arkhipkin E. C. Aschenauer G. S. Averichev A. Banerjee R. Bellwied A. Bhasin A. K. Bhati P. Bhattarai J. Bielcik J. Bielcikova L. C. Bland I. G. Bordyuzhin J. Bouchet A. V. Brandin I. Bunzarov T. P. Burton J. Butterworth H. Caines M. Calder'on de la Barca S'anchez J. M. Campbell D. Cebra M. C. Cervantes I. Chakaberia P. Chaloupka Z. Chang S. Chattopadhyay J. H. Chen X. Chen J. Cheng M. Cherney W. Christie G. Contin H. J. Crawford S. Das L. C. De Silva R. R. Debbe T. G. Dedovich J. Deng A. A. Derevschikov B. Di Ruzza L. Didenko C. Dilks X. Dong J. L. Drachenberg J. E. Draper C. M. Du L. E. Dunkelberger J. C. Dunlop L. G. Efimov J. Engelage G. Eppley R. Esha O. Evdokimov O. Eyser R. Fatemi S. Fazio P. Federic J. Fedorisin Z. Feng P. Filip Y. Fisyak C. E. Flores L. Fulek C. A. Gagliardi D. Garand F. Geurts A. Gibson M. Girard L. Greiner D. Grosnick D. S. Gunarathne Y. Guo S. Gupta A. Gupta W. Guryn A. Hamad A. Hamed R. Haque J. W. Harris L. He S. Heppelmann A. Hirsch G. W. Hoffmann D. J. Hofman S. Horvat B. Huang X. Huang H. Z. Huang P. Huck T. J. Humanic G. Igo W. W. Jacobs H. Jang K. Jiang E. G. Judd S. Kabana D. Kalinkin K. Kang K. Kauder H. W. Ke D. Keane A. Kechechyan Z. H. Khan D. P. Kikola I. Kisel A. Kisiel L. Kochenda D. D. Koetke T. Kollegger L. K. Kosarzewski A. F. Kraishan P. Kravtsov K. Krueger I. Kulakov L. Kumar R. A. Kycia M. A. C. Lamont J. M. Landgraf K. D. Landry J. Lauret A. Lebedev R. Lednicky J. H. Lee X. Li C. Li W. Li Z. M. Li Y. Li M. A. Lisa F. Liu T. Ljubicic W. J. Llope M. Lomnitz R. S. Longacre X. Luo Y. G. Ma G. L. Ma L. Ma R. Ma N. Magdy R. Majka A. Manion S. Margetis C. Markert H. Masui H. S. Matis D. McDonald K. Meehan N. G. Minaev S. Mioduszewski B. Mohanty M. M. Mondal D. Morozov M. K. Mustafa B. K. Nandi Md. Nasim T. K. Nayak G. Nigmatkulov L. V. Nogach S. Y. Noh J. Novak S. B. Nurushev G. Odyniec A. Ogawa K. Oh V. Okorokov D. Olvitt Jr.B. S. Page R. Pak Y. X. Pan Y. Pandit Y. Panebratsev B. Pawlik H. Pei C. Perkins A. Peterson P. Pile M. Planinic J. Pluta N. Poljak K. Poniatowska J. Porter M. Posik A. M. Poskanzer N. K. Pruthi J. Putschke H. Qiu A. Quintero S. Ramachandran R. Raniwala S. Raniwala R. L. Ray H. G. Ritter J. B. Roberts O. V. Rogachevskiy J. L. Romero A. Roy L. Ruan J. Rusnak O. Rusnakova N. R. Sahoo P. K. Sahu I. Sakrejda S. Salur J. Sandweiss A. Sarkar J. Schambach R. P. Scharenberg A. M. Schmah W. B. Schmidke N. Schmitz J. Seger P. Seyboth N. Shah E. Shahaliev P. V. Shanmuganathan M. Shao M. K. Sharma B. Sharma W. Q. Shen S. S. Shi Q. Y. Shou E. P. Sichtermann R. Sikora M. Simko M. J. Skoby D. Smirnov N. Smirnov L. Song P. Sorensen H. M. Spinka B. Srivastava T. D. S. Stanislaus M. Stepanov R. Stock M. Strikhanov B. Stringfellow M. Sumbera B. Summa X. Sun Z. Sun X. M. Sun Y. Sun B. Surrow N. Svirida M. A. Szelezniak A. H. Tang Z. Tang T. Tarnowsky A. N. Tawfik J. H. Thomas A. R. Timmins D. Tlusty M. Tokarev S. Trentalange R. E. Tribble P. Tribedy S. K. Tripathy B. A. Trzeciak O. D. Tsai T. Ullrich D. G. Underwood I. Upsal G. Van Buren G. van Nieuwenhuizen M. Vandenbroucke R. Varma A. N. Vasiliev R. Vertesi F. Videbæk Y. P. Viyogi S. Vokal S. A. Voloshin A. Vossen G. Wang Y. Wang F. Wang H. Wang J. S. Wang J. C. Webb G. Webb L. Wen G. D. Westfall H. Wieman S. W. Wissink R. Witt Y. F. Wu Z. G. Xiao W. Xie K. Xin Q. H. Xu Z. Xu H. Xu N. Xu Y. F. Xu Q. Yang Y. Yang S. Yang C. Yang Z. Ye P. Yepes L. Yi K. Yip I. -K. Yoo N. Yu H. Zbroszczyk W. Zha X. P. Zhang J. Zhang Y. Zhang J. B. Zhang S. Zhang Z. Zhang J. Zhao C. Zhong L. Zhou X. Zhu Y. Zoulkarneeva M. Zyzak

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Observation of Transverse Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations of Charged Pion Pairs in $p^\uparrow+p$ at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV

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