Paper detail

Nonlinear guiding of light in tunable food-dye solutions

We provide the first demonstration of nonlinear self-trapping of light in solutions of food coloring dyes, leading to dirt cheap soliton waveguides. The optical self-focusing nonlinearity observed in such solutions is attributed to the optical absorption force acting on dye molecules, as the thermal effect at relatively higher power results in a self-defocusing nonlinearity. We found the nonlinear response increases when the laser wavelength is switched to near the peak absorption for all food dyes tested. Furthermore, the absorption-dependent nonlinearity can be tuned by making purposive samples of different food dyes. In particular, with appropriately mixing of dye solutions, nonlinear response arises for otherwise inactive wavelengths, leading to interaction between two beams of different wavelengths and formation of a coupled soliton-like pair. At milliwatt low power levels, self-trapping achieved at one wavelength in food-dye solutions can serve as low-cost waveguides for optical beams at other wavelengths.