Abstract

We study the problem of state machine replication (SMR)---the underlying problem addressed by blockchain protocols---in the presence of a malicious adversary who can corrupt some fraction of the parties running the protocol. Existing protocols for this task assume either a synchronous network (where all messages are delivered within some known time ΔΔ) or an asynchronous network (where messages can be delayed arbitrarily). Although protocols for the latter case give seemingly stronger guarantees, this is not the case since they (inherently) tolerate a lower fraction of corrupted parties. We design an SMR protocol that is network-agnostic in the following sense: if it is run in a synchronous network, it tolerates tst_s corrupted parties; if the network happens to be asynchronous it is resilient to ta≤tst_a \leq t_s faults. Our protocol achieves optimal tradeoffs between tst_s and tat_a.

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