Near-threshold photon-proton production of J/ψJ/ψ and ΥΥ

preprint2026arXivOpen access

Abstract

We study the near-threshold exclusive photoproduction of heavy vector mesons (quarkonia J/ψJ/ψ and ΥΥ) off the proton within the framework of generalized parton distribution (GPD) factorization. The gluon GPDs are computed using a spectator model in which the proton emits a gluon and the remaining constituents are treated as a single spectator particle. Model parameters are determined by fitting the gluon unpolarized and helicity collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs) from global analyses. We compare our results with the latest near-threshold J/ψJ/ψ production data from the GlueX and J/ψJ/ψ-007 experiments at Jefferson Laboratory, finding good agreement for both differential and total cross sections. Predictions are also provided for ΥΥ photoproduction, which can be tested at future Electron-Ion Colliders.

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