Paper detail

Natural extension of hidden $Z_2 \times Z_2$ symmetry toward arbitrary integer spin chains

We show how entangled valence-bond singlet pairs are disentangled partially and totally by the Kennedy-Tasaki transformation which reveals the hidden $Z_2\times Z_2$ symmetry in valence-bond-solid chains as a higher-spin generalization of the previous studies toward the intermediate-$D$ state. The totally disentangled states correspond to four Ising-like states with $Z_2$ variables on the boundary. We present a simple expression of results by using the spin decomposition and the boundary matrix.