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Large magnetocaloric effect in the frustrated antiferromagnet EuIr$_2$P$_2$

We present a theoretical analysis of the magnetocaloric effect in the frustrated antiferromagnet \Eu. Monte Carlo simulations indicate a large magnetic entropy change $ΔS_M^{\text{max}} \sim 5.14$ J kg$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$ at $T=2.45$K for a moderate change in the external magnetic field $ΔB=1.2$ Tesla. The highest value of $ΔS_M$ seems to be associated with the presence of a multicritical point in the magnetic field versus temperature phase diagram (at $B_m\sim 1.2$ Tesla and $T_m\sim 2.2$ K) but it persists with similar large values for a broad range of temperatures $T\lesssim T_m$. Single crystal \Eu~magnetization vs magnetic field experiments allowed us to obtain the magnetocaloric effect for $T>2$ K. The results are consistent with the theoretical analysis and show a large magnetocaloric effect for $T\sim 2.5$ K. Finally, we present a phenomenological Landau functional analysis that provides a simplified description of the phase diagram and of the magnetocaloric effect. Although the magnetic frustration in this system leads to a rich phase diagram, we found no clear indication that it plays a significant role enhancing the magneticaloric effect, other than by reducing the transition temperatures and fields.