Interaction effect in two-dimensional Dirac fermions

Based on the Dirac equations in the two-dimensional $π-$ flux model, we study the interaction effects both in nontrivial gapped and gapless Dirac equations with numerical exact diagonalization method. In the presence of the nearest and next nearest neighbor interactions: for nontrivial gapped Dirac equation, the topological phase is robust and persists in a finite region of the phase diagram; while for gapless Dirac equation, charge-density-wave and stripe phases are identified and the phase diagram in $(V_1, V_2)$ plane is obtained. When the next-next-nearest neighbor interaction is further included to gapless Dirac equation, the topological phase expected in the mean-field theory is absent. Our results are related to the possibility of dynamically generating topological phase from the electronic correlations.

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