Gromov-Witten invariants of P1\mathbb{P}^1 coupled to a KdV tau function

preprint2020arXivOpen access

Abstract

We consider the pull-back of a natural sequence of cohomology classes Θg,n∈H2(2g−2+n)(M‾g,n)Θ_{g,n}\in H^{2(2g-2+n)}(\overline{\cal M}_{g,n}) to the moduli space of stable maps Mng(P1,d){\cal M}^g_n(\mathbb{P}^1,d). These classes are related to the Brézin-Gross-Witten tau function of the KdV hierarchy via ZBGW(ℏ,t0,t1,...)=exp⁡∑ℏ2g−2n!∫M‾g,nΘg,n⋅∏j=1nψjkj∏tkjZ^{BGW}(\hbar,t_0,t_1,...)=\exp\sum\frac{\hbar^{2g-2}}{n!}\int_{\overline{\cal M}_{g,n}}Θ_{g,n}\cdot\prod_{j=1}^nψ_j^{k_j}\prod t_{k_j}. Insertions of the pull-backs of the classes Θg,nΘ_{g,n} into the integrals defining Gromov-Witten invariants define new invariants which we show in the case of target P1\mathbb{P}^1 are given by a random matrix integral and satisfy the Toda equation.

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