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Global and local critical current density in superconducting SmFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$ measured by two methods

The critical current densities of polycrystalline bulk SmFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$ prepared by the powder-in-tube (PIT) method and by a conventional solid-state reaction were investigated using the remnant magnetic moment method and Campbell's method. Two types of shielding current, corresponding to global and local critical current densities $J_{\rm c}$ were observed using both measurement methods. The global and local $J_{\rm c}$ were on the order of $10^7$ A/m$^2$ and $10^{10}$ A/m$^2$ at 5 K, respectively. The local $J_{\rm c}$ decreased slightly with increasing magnetic field. The global $J_{\rm c}$ was independent of the preparation method, while the local $J_{\rm c}$ was larger for samples prepared by PIT than for those prepared by solid-state reaction.