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Generalization of the HSIC and distance covariance using positive definite independent kernels

Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion and distance covariance are methods to describe independence of random variables using either the Kronecker product of positive definite kernels or the Kronecker product of conditionally negative definite kernels. In this paper we generalize both methods by providing an independence criteria using a new concept, of positive definite independent kernels. We provide a characterization of the radial kernels that are positive definite independent on all Euclidean spaces and we present several examples.