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Fine structure of charge-exchange spin-dipole excitations in $^{16}$O

The charge-exchange spin-dipole (SD) excitations for both $(p,n)$ and $(n,p)$ channels in $^{16}$O are investigated in the fully self-consistent random phase approximation based on the covariant density functional theory. The fine structure of SD excitations in the most up-to-date $^{16}$O($\vec p, \vec n$)$^{16}$F experiment is excellently reproduced without any readjustment in the functional. The characteristics of SD excitations are understood with the delicate balance between the $σ$- and $ω$-meson fields via the exchange terms. The fine structure of SD excitations for $^{16}$O($n,p$)$^{16}$N channel is predicted for future experiments.