Paper detail

Electric Field Tunable Correlated States and Magnetic Phase Transitions in Twisted Bilayer-Bilayer Graphene

The recent discovery of correlated insulator states and superconductivity in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene has paved the way to the experimental investigation of electronic correlations in tunable flat band systems realized in twisted van der Waals heterostructures. This novel twist angle degree of freedom and control should be generalizable to other 2D systems, which may exhibit similar correlated physics behavior while at the same time enabling new techniques to tune and control the strength of electron-electron interactions. Here, we report on a new highly tunable correlated system based on small-angle twisted bilayer-bilayer graphene (TBBG), consisting of two rotated sheets of Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene. We find that TBBG exhibits a rich phase diagram, with tunable correlated insulators states that are highly sensitive to both twist angle and to the application of an electric displacement field, the latter reflecting the inherent polarizability of Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene. We find correlated insulator states that can be switched on and off by the displacement field at all integer electron fillings of the moiré unit cell. The response of these correlated states to magnetic fields points towards evidence of electrically switchable magnetism. Moreover, the strong dependence of the resistance at low temperature and near the correlated insulator states indicates possible proximity to a superconducting phase. Furthermore, in the regime of lower twist angles, TBBG shows multiple sets of flat bands near charge neutrality, resulting in numerous correlated states corresponding to half-filling of each of these flat bands. Our results pave the way to the exploration of novel twist-angle and electric-field controlled correlated phases of matter in novel multi-flat band twisted superlattices.