Paper detail

Corrigendum and addendum to: How Populist are Parties? Measuring Degrees of Populism in Party Manifestos Using Supervised Machine Learning

This paper is a corrigendum and addendum to the previously published article: 'How Populist are Parties? Measuring Degrees of Populism in Party Manifestos Using Supervised Machine Learning' (Political Analysis, 1-17. doi:10.1017/pan.2021.29). These corrigendum and addendum were prepared to correct errors in data labelling and show some extra insights not included in the previously published paper. Here, we report these corrections and point to some additional conclusions by focusing on the effects of the label reshuffling per parties and years and presenting new figures wherever appropriate. We show that although the simplified labelling method proposed in the previously-published article can induce biases in the correlations with expert scores, random labelling reduces correlations significantly. We show that this is also true for correlations based on a manually-coded data set. These modifications are based on other evidence and results reported in detail in a future publication.