Constraint on parameters of a rotating black hole in Einstein-bumblebee theory by quasi-periodic oscillations

We have studied quasi-periodic oscillations frequencies in a rotating black hole with Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter in Einstein-bumblebee gravity by relativistic precession model. We find that in the rotating case with non-zero spin parameter both of the periastron and nodal precession frequencies increase with the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter, but the azimuthal frequency decreases. In the non-rotating black hole case, the nodal precession frequency disappears for arbitrary Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter. With the observation data of GRO J1655-40, XTE J1550-564, and GRS 1915+105, we find that the constraint on the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter is more precise with data of GRO J1655-40 in which the best-fit value of the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter is negative. This could lead to that the rotating black hole in Einstein-bumblebee gravity owns the higher Hawking temperature and the stronger Hawking radiation, but the lower possibility of exacting energy by Penrose process. However, in the range of $1 σ$, we also find that general relativity remains to be consistent with the observation data of GRO J1655-40, XTE J1550-564 and GRS 1915+105.

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