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Charge Singlets and Orbital-Selective Charge Density Wave Transitions

The possibility of "orbitally selective Mott transitions" within a multiband Hubbard model, in which one orbital with large on-site electron-electron repulsion $U_1$ is insulating and another orbital, to which it is hybridized, with small $U_{-1}$, is metallic, is a problem of long-standing debate and investigation. In this paper we study an analogous phenomenon, the co-existence of metallic and insulating bands in a system of orbitals with different electron-phonon coupling (EPC). To this end, we examine two variants of the bilayer Holstein model: a uniform bilayer and a "Holstein-Metal interface" where the electron-phonon coupling, $λ$, is zero in the "metallic" layer. In the uniform bilayer Holstein model, charge density wave (CDW) order dominates at small interlayer hybridization $t_3$, but decreases and eventually vanishes as $t_3$ grows, providing a charge analog of singlet (spin liquid) physics. In the interface case, we show that CDW order penetrates into the metal layer and forms long-range CDW order at intermediate ratio of inter- to intra-layer hopping strengths, $1.4 \lesssim t_3/t \lesssim 3.4$. This is consistent with the occurrence of an "orbitally selective CDW" regime at weak $t_3$ in which the layer with $λ_{1} \neq 0$ exhibits long-range charge order, but the "metallic layer" with $λ_{-1}=0$, to which it is hybridized, does not.