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Biomechanics of Tori body motion during competition Sutemi, Makikomi, Tai Atari

Background Objectives:The biomechanics of Tori s body motion during Sutemi,sacrifice techniques,Makikomi wrapping techniques,and Tai Atari,Body Strike techniques in judo is crucial for understanding these techniques' effectiveness and safety. This study examined the biomechanics by analysing the entire body of the tori during execution. Methods:We analysed Tori s body motion using original biomechanical models, considering the balance of sacrificing to throw Uke and body mass to strike the opponent. General equations for Sutemi, Makikomi, and Tai atari were established, and their utilisation in high level male competition was statistically analysed. Results:The results show that effective Sutemi and Makikomi execution depends on the correct use of Tori's body mass.The biomechanical model revealed the relationships between angular falling speed, body angle, and athlete height.The model allowed us to evaluate the falling velocity, showing that the angular velocity and acceleration were proportional to the gravitational acceleration and body-Tatami angle and inversely proportional to the athlete height.The stopping and sliding forces are directly proportional to the sum of the Tori and Uke masses and the body Tatami angle but are independent of the athletes eight. Tai Atari s force was quantified to evaluate its situational applicability in competition. Conclusion:This study advanced the biomechanical understanding of Sutemi, Makikomi, and Tai Atari using two original theoretical models, highlighting the importance of Tori s body mass motion. The findings obtained can influence training and competition strategies, enhance technique effectiveness, and reduce injury risks.