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Analytic solution of Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with running coupling constant using homogeneous balance method

In this study, we employ the homogeneous balance method to obtain an analytical solution to the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with running coupling. We utilize two distinct prescriptions of the running coupling scale, namely the saturation scale dependent running coupling and the dipole momentum dependent running coupling. By fitting the proton structure function experimental data, we determine the free parameters in the analytical solution. The resulting $χ^{2}/d.o.f$ values are determined to be $1.07$ and $1.43$, respectively. With these definitive solutions, we are able to predict exclusive $J/ψ$ production, and demonstrate that analytical solutions with running coupling are in excellent agreement with $J/ψ$ differential and total cross section. Furthermore, our numerical results indicate that the analytical solution of the BK equation with running coupling can provide a reliable description for both the proton structure function and exclusive vector meson production.