Analytic bundle structure on the idempotent manifold

preprint2020arXivOpen access

Abstract

Let XX be a (real or complex) Banach space, and I(X)\mathcal{I}(X) be the set of all (non-zero and non-identity) idempotents; i.e., bounded linear operators on XX whose squares equal themselves. We show that the Banach submanifold I(X)\mathcal{I}(X) of L(X)\mathcal{L}(X) is a locally trivial analytic affine-Banach bundle over the Grassmann manifold G(X)\mathscr{G}(X), via the map κκ that sends Q∈I(X)Q\in \mathcal{I}(X) to Q(X)Q(X), such that the affine-Banach space structure on each fiber is the one induced from L(X)\mathcal{L}(X) (in particular, every fiber is an affine-Banach subspace of L(X)\mathcal{L}(X)). Using this, we show that if KK is a real Hilbert space, then the assignment (E,T)↦T∗∘PE⊥+PE, where E∈G(K) and T∈L(E,E⊥),(E,T)\mapsto T^*\circ P_{E^\bot} + P_{E}, \quad \text{ where } E\in \mathscr{G}(K)\text{ and } T\in \mathcal{L}(E,E^\bot), induces a bi-analytic bijection from the total space of the tangent bundle, T(G(K))\mathbf{T}(\mathscr{G}(K)), of G(K)\mathscr{G}(K) onto I(K)\mathcal{I}(K) (here, E⊥E^\bot is the orthogonal complement of EE, PE∈L(K)P_E\in \mathcal{L}(K) is the orthogonal projection onto EE, and T∗T^* is the adjoint of TT). Notice that this bi-analytic bijection is an affine map on each tangent plane.

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