An effective model for the QCD phase transitions at finite baryon density

We introduce an effective quark-meson-nucleon model for the QCD phase transitions at finite baryon density. The nucleon and the quark degrees of freedom are described within a unified framework of a chiral linear sigma model. The deconfinement transition is modeled through a simple modification of the distribution functions of nucleons and quarks, where an additional auxiliary field, the bag field, is introduced. The bag field plays a key role in converting between the nucleon and the quark degrees of freedom. The model predicts that the chiral and the deconfinement phase transitions are always separated. Depending on the model parameters, the chiral transition occurs in the baryon density range of $(1.5-15.5)n_0$, while the deconfinement transition occurs above $5 n_0$, where $n_0$ is the saturation density.

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