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Academic mentees succeed in big groups, but thrive in small groups

Mentoring is a key component of scientific achievements, contributing to overall measures of career success for mentees and mentors. A common success metric in the scientific enterprise is acquiring a large research group, which is believed to indicate excellent mentorship and high-quality research. However, large, competitive groups might also amplify dropout rates, which are high especially among early career researchers. Here, we collect longitudinal genealogical data on mentor-mentee relations and their publication, and study the effects of a mentor's group on future academic survival and performance of their mentees. We find that mentees trained in large groups generally have better academic performance than mentees from small groups, if they continue working in academia after graduation. However, we also find two surprising results: Academic survival rate is significantly lower for (1) mentees from larger groups, and for (2) mentees with more productive mentors. These findings reveal that success of mentors has a negative effect on the academic survival rate of mentees, raising important questions about the definition of successful mentorship and providing actionable suggestions concerning career development.