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AC losses in high pressure synthesized MgB2 bulk rings measured by transformer method

The recently developed manufacturing technologies use high pressure and various doping additions to prepare bulk MgB2-based materials with a high critical current density measured by the magnetization methods. We use a contactless transformer method, which is based on studying the superconductor response to an induced transport current, to measure AC losses in bulk MgB2 rings synthesized under high pressure. The obtained dependence of the losses on the primary current (applied magnetic field) is fitted by the power law with the exponent ~2.1 instead of the cubic dependence predicted by Bean's model and power-law electric field-current density (E-J) characteristics with a large exponent. The unusually strong dependence of AC losses on the frequency was also observed. It was shown that the E-J characteristic of bulk MgB2 is well fitted by the dependence used in the extended critical state model based on account of the viscous vortex motion in the flux flow regime. Numerical simulation using this E-J characteristic gives the current and frequency AC loss dependencies which well agree with the experimental results.