Paper detail

A forgotten theorem of Pełczyński: $(λ+)$-injective spaces need not be $λ$-injective -- the case $λ\in (1,2]$

Isbell and Semadeni [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 107 (1963)] proved that every infinite-dimensional $1$-injective Banach space contains a hyperplane that is $(2+\varepsilon)$-injective for every $\varepsilon > 0$, yet is is \emph{not} $2$-injective and remarked in a footnote that Pełczyński had proved for every $λ> 1$ the existence of a $(λ+ \varepsilon)$-injective space ($\varepsilon > 0$) that is not $λ$-injective. Unfortunately, no trace of the proof of Pełczyński's result has been preserved. In the present paper, we establish the said theorem for $λ\in (1,2]$ by constructing an appropriate renorming of $\ell_\infty$. This contrasts (at least for real scalars) with the case $λ= 1$ for which Lindenstrauss [Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 48 (1964)] proved the contrary statement.