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Xu-Cheng Yin

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Published work

8 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

CHE-TKG: Collaborative Historical Evidence and Evolutionary Dynamics Learning for Temporal Knowledge Graph Reasoning

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning aims to predict future events from historical facts. A key challenge lies in jointly capturing two sources of predictive information in TKGs: historical evidence and evolutionary dynamics. However, existing methods typically focus on only one of these sources, which limits the ability to fully exploit the complementary predictive signals in TKGs. To address this, we propose CHE-TKG, a novel collaborative dual-view learning framework for TKG reasoning. CHE-TKG explicitly separates and jointly models historical evidence and evolutionary dynamics, aiming to learn and exploit their complementary predictive signals. Specifically, CHE-TKG constructs a historical evidence graph to capture long-term structural regularities and stable relational constraints, alongside an evolutionary dynamics graph to model temporal transitions and recent changes, with dedicated encoders for each view. We further employ relation decomposition and a contrastive alignment objective to better capture the predictive signals across the two views. Extensive experiments demonstrate that CHE-TKG achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple benchmarks.

preprint2024arXiv

Inverse-like Antagonistic Scene Text Spotting via Reading-Order Estimation and Dynamic Sampling

Scene text spotting is a challenging task, especially for inverse-like scene text, which has complex layouts, e.g., mirrored, symmetrical, or retro-flexed. In this paper, we propose a unified end-to-end trainable inverse-like antagonistic text spotting framework dubbed IATS, which can effectively spot inverse-like scene texts without sacrificing general ones. Specifically, we propose an innovative reading-order estimation module (REM) that extracts reading-order information from the initial text boundary generated by an initial boundary module (IBM). To optimize and train REM, we propose a joint reading-order estimation loss consisting of a classification loss, an orthogonality loss, and a distribution loss. With the help of IBM, we can divide the initial text boundary into two symmetric control points and iteratively refine the new text boundary using a lightweight boundary refinement module (BRM) for adapting to various shapes and scales. To alleviate the incompatibility between text detection and recognition, we propose a dynamic sampling module (DSM) with a thin-plate spline that can dynamically sample appropriate features for recognition in the detected text region. Without extra supervision, the DSM can proactively learn to sample appropriate features for text recognition through the gradient returned by the recognition module. Extensive experiments on both challenging scene text and inverse-like scene text datasets demonstrate that our method achieves superior performance both on irregular and inverse-like text spotting.

preprint2022arXiv

Arbitrary Shape Text Detection via Segmentation with Probability Maps

Arbitrary shape text detection is a challenging task due to the significantly varied sizes and aspect ratios, arbitrary orientations or shapes, inaccurate annotations, etc. Due to the scalability of pixel-level prediction, segmentation-based methods can adapt to various shape texts and hence attracted considerable attention recently. However, accurate pixel-level annotations of texts are formidable, and the existing datasets for scene text detection only provide coarse-grained boundary annotations. Consequently, numerous misclassified text pixels or background pixels inside annotations always exist, degrading the performance of segmentation-based text detection methods. Generally speaking, whether a pixel belongs to text or not is highly related to the distance with the adjacent annotation boundary. With this observation, in this paper, we propose an innovative and robust segmentation-based detection method via probability maps for accurately detecting text instances. To be concrete, we adopt a Sigmoid Alpha Function (SAF) to transfer the distances between boundaries and their inside pixels to a probability map. However, one probability map can not cover complex probability distributions well because of the uncertainty of coarse-grained text boundary annotations. Therefore, we adopt a group of probability maps computed by a series of Sigmoid Alpha Functions to describe the possible probability distributions. In addition, we propose an iterative model to learn to predict and assimilate probability maps for providing enough information to reconstruct text instances. Finally, simple region growth algorithms are adopted to aggregate probability maps to complete text instances. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of detection accuracy on several benchmarks.

preprint2022arXiv

Open-set Text Recognition via Character-Context Decoupling

The open-set text recognition task is an emerging challenge that requires an extra capability to cognize novel characters during evaluation. We argue that a major cause of the limited performance for current methods is the confounding effect of contextual information over the visual information of individual characters. Under open-set scenarios, the intractable bias in contextual information can be passed down to visual information, consequently impairing the classification performance. In this paper, a Character-Context Decoupling framework is proposed to alleviate this problem by separating contextual information and character-visual information. Contextual information can be decomposed into temporal information and linguistic information. Here, temporal information that models character order and word length is isolated with a detached temporal attention module. Linguistic information that models n-gram and other linguistic statistics is separated with a decoupled context anchor mechanism. A variety of quantitative and qualitative experiments show that our method achieves promising performance on open-set, zero-shot, and close-set text recognition datasets.

preprint2022arXiv

Towards Open-Set Text Recognition via Label-to-Prototype Learning

Scene text recognition is a popular topic and extensively used in the industry. Although many methods have achieved satisfactory performance for the close-set text recognition challenges, these methods lose feasibility in open-set scenarios, where collecting data or retraining models for novel characters could yield a high cost. For example, annotating samples for foreign languages can be expensive, whereas retraining the model each time when a novel character is discovered from historical documents costs both time and resources. In this paper, we introduce and formulate a new open-set text recognition task which demands the capability to spot and recognize novel characters without retraining. A label-to-prototype learning framework is also proposed as a baseline for the proposed task. Specifically, the framework introduces a generalizable label-to-prototype mapping function to build prototypes (class centers) for both seen and unseen classes. An open-set predictor is then utilized to recognize or reject samples according to the prototypes. The implementation of rejection capability over out-of-set characters allows automatic spotting of unknown characters in the incoming data stream. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves promising performance on a variety of zero-shot, close-set, and open-set text recognition datasets

preprint2020arXiv

Deep Relational Reasoning Graph Network for Arbitrary Shape Text Detection

Arbitrary shape text detection is a challenging task due to the high variety and complexity of scenes texts. In this paper, we propose a novel unified relational reasoning graph network for arbitrary shape text detection. In our method, an innovative local graph bridges a text proposal model via Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a deep relational reasoning network via Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), making our network end-to-end trainable. To be concrete, every text instance will be divided into a series of small rectangular components, and the geometry attributes (e.g., height, width, and orientation) of the small components will be estimated by our text proposal model. Given the geometry attributes, the local graph construction model can roughly establish linkages between different text components. For further reasoning and deducing the likelihood of linkages between the component and its neighbors, we adopt a graph-based network to perform deep relational reasoning on local graphs. Experiments on public available datasets demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of our method.

preprint2014arXiv

Learning to Diversify via Weighted Kernels for Classifier Ensemble

Classifier ensemble generally should combine diverse component classifiers. However, it is difficult to give a definitive connection between diversity measure and ensemble accuracy. Given a list of available component classifiers, how to adaptively and diversely ensemble classifiers becomes a big challenge in the literature. In this paper, we argue that diversity, not direct diversity on samples but adaptive diversity with data, is highly correlated to ensemble accuracy, and we propose a novel technology for classifier ensemble, learning to diversify, which learns to adaptively combine classifiers by considering both accuracy and diversity. Specifically, our approach, Learning TO Diversify via Weighted Kernels (L2DWK), performs classifier combination by optimizing a direct but simple criterion: maximizing ensemble accuracy and adaptive diversity simultaneously by minimizing a convex loss function. Given a measure formulation, the diversity is calculated with weighted kernels (i.e., the diversity is measured on the component classifiers' outputs which are kernelled and weighted), and the kernel weights are automatically learned. We minimize this loss function by estimating the kernel weights in conjunction with the classifier weights, and propose a self-training algorithm for conducting this convex optimization procedure iteratively. Extensive experiments on a variety of 32 UCI classification benchmark datasets show that the proposed approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art ensembles such as Bagging, AdaBoost, Random Forests, Gasen, Regularized Selective Ensemble, and Ensemble Pruning via Semi-Definite Programming.

preprint2013arXiv

Robust Text Detection in Natural Scene Images

Text detection in natural scene images is an important prerequisite for many content-based image analysis tasks. In this paper, we propose an accurate and robust method for detecting texts in natural scene images. A fast and effective pruning algorithm is designed to extract Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSERs) as character candidates using the strategy of minimizing regularized variations. Character candidates are grouped into text candidates by the ingle-link clustering algorithm, where distance weights and threshold of the clustering algorithm are learned automatically by a novel self-training distance metric learning algorithm. The posterior probabilities of text candidates corresponding to non-text are estimated with an character classifier; text candidates with high probabilities are then eliminated and finally texts are identified with a text classifier. The proposed system is evaluated on the ICDAR 2011 Robust Reading Competition dataset; the f measure is over 76% and is significantly better than the state-of-the-art performance of 71%. Experimental results on a publicly available multilingual dataset also show that our proposed method can outperform the other competitive method with the f measure increase of over 9 percent. Finally, we have setup an online demo of our proposed scene text detection system at http://kems.ustb.edu.cn/learning/yin/dtext.