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Researcher profile

Sunnie S. Y. Kim

Sunnie S. Y. Kim contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

ResearcherAffiliation not importedOpen to collaborate
Computer VisionMachine LearningArtificial Intelligencecs.CYGraphicsHuman-Computer Interaction

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Published work

5 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

PersonaTeaming: Supporting Persona-Driven Red-Teaming for Generative AI

Recent developments in AI safety research have called for red-teaming methods that effectively surface potential risks posed by generative AI models, with growing emphasis on how red-teamers' backgrounds and perspectives shape their strategies and the risks they uncover. While automated red-teaming approaches promise to complement human red-teaming through larger-scale exploration, existing automated approaches do not account for human identities and rarely incorporate human inputs. In this work, we explore persona-driven red-teaming to advance both automated red-teaming and human-AI collaboration. We first develop PersonaTeaming Workflow, which incorporates personas into the adversarial prompt generation process to explore a wider spectrum of adversarial strategies. Compared to RainbowPlus, a state-of-the-art automated red-teaming method, PersonaTeaming Workflow achieves higher attack success rates while maintaining prompt diversity. However, since automated personas only approximate real human perspectives, we further instantiate PersonaTeaming Workflow as PersonaTeaming Playground, a user-facing interface that enables red-teamers to author their own personas and collaborate with AI to mutate and refine prompts. In a user study with 11 industry practitioners, we found that PersonaTeaming Playground enabled diverse red-teaming strategies and outputs that practitioners perceived as useful, and that AI-generated suggestions in the PersonaTeaming Playground encouraged out-of-the-box thinking even when practitioners did not follow them strictly. Together, our work advances both automated and human-in-the-loop approaches to red-teaming, while shedding light on interaction patterns and design insights for supporting human-AI collaboration in generative AI red-teaming.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2026arXiv

Understanding Annotator Safety Policy with Interpretability

Safety policies define what constitutes safe and unsafe AI outputs, guiding data annotation and model development. However, annotation disagreement is pervasive and can stem from multiple sources such as operational failures (annotators misunderstand or misexecute the task), policy ambiguity (policy wording leaves room for interpretation), or value pluralism (different annotators hold different perspectives on safety). Distinguishing these sources matters. For example, operational failures call for quality control, ambiguity calls for policy clarification, and pluralism calls for deliberation about incorporating diverse perspectives. Yet understanding why annotators disagree is difficult. Directly asking annotators for their reasoning is costly, substantially increasing annotation burden, and can be unreliable for both human and LLM annotators as self-reported reasoning often fails to reflect actual decision processes. We introduce Annotator Policy Models (APMs), interpretable models that learn annotators' internal safety policies from labeling behavior alone, making annotator reasoning visible and comparable without additional annotation effort. We validate that APMs accurately model annotator safety policy (>80% accuracy), faithfully predict responses to counterfactual edits, and recover known policy differences in controlled settings. Applying APMs to LLM and human annotations, we demonstrate two core applications: (1) surfacing policy ambiguity by revealing how annotators interpret safety instructions differently, and (2) surfacing value pluralism by uncovering systematic differences in safety priorities across demographic groups. Together, these capabilities support more targeted, transparent, and inclusive safety policy design.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2022arXiv

ELUDE: Generating interpretable explanations via a decomposition into labelled and unlabelled features

Deep learning models have achieved remarkable success in different areas of machine learning over the past decade; however, the size and complexity of these models make them difficult to understand. In an effort to make them more interpretable, several recent works focus on explaining parts of a deep neural network through human-interpretable, semantic attributes. However, it may be impossible to completely explain complex models using only semantic attributes. In this work, we propose to augment these attributes with a small set of uninterpretable features. Specifically, we develop a novel explanation framework ELUDE (Explanation via Labelled and Unlabelled DEcomposition) that decomposes a model's prediction into two parts: one that is explainable through a linear combination of the semantic attributes, and another that is dependent on the set of uninterpretable features. By identifying the latter, we are able to analyze the "unexplained" portion of the model, obtaining insights into the information used by the model. We show that the set of unlabelled features can generalize to multiple models trained with the same feature space and compare our work to two popular attribute-oriented methods, Interpretable Basis Decomposition and Concept Bottleneck, and discuss the additional insights ELUDE provides.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2022arXiv

HIVE: Evaluating the Human Interpretability of Visual Explanations

As AI technology is increasingly applied to high-impact, high-risk domains, there have been a number of new methods aimed at making AI models more human interpretable. Despite the recent growth of interpretability work, there is a lack of systematic evaluation of proposed techniques. In this work, we introduce HIVE (Human Interpretability of Visual Explanations), a novel human evaluation framework that assesses the utility of explanations to human users in AI-assisted decision making scenarios, and enables falsifiable hypothesis testing, cross-method comparison, and human-centered evaluation of visual interpretability methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work of its kind. Using HIVE, we conduct IRB-approved human studies with nearly 1000 participants and evaluate four methods that represent the diversity of computer vision interpretability works: GradCAM, BagNet, ProtoPNet, and ProtoTree. Our results suggest that explanations engender human trust, even for incorrect predictions, yet are not distinct enough for users to distinguish between correct and incorrect predictions. We open-source HIVE to enable future studies and encourage more human-centered approaches to interpretability research.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2020arXiv

Deformable Style Transfer

Both geometry and texture are fundamental aspects of visual style. Existing style transfer methods, however, primarily focus on texture, almost entirely ignoring geometry. We propose deformable style transfer (DST), an optimization-based approach that jointly stylizes the texture and geometry of a content image to better match a style image. Unlike previous geometry-aware stylization methods, our approach is neither restricted to a particular domain (such as human faces), nor does it require training sets of matching style/content pairs. We demonstrate our method on a diverse set of content and style images including portraits, animals, objects, scenes, and paintings. Code has been made publicly available at https://github.com/sunniesuhyoung/DST.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access