Researcher profile

Sirui Han

Sirui Han contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

8 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

AM$^3$Safety: Towards Data Efficient Alignment of Multi-modal Multi-turn Safety for MLLMs

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly deployed in interactive applications. However, their safety vulnerabilities become pronounced in multi-turn multi-modal scenarios, where harmful intent can be gradually reconstructed across turns, and security protocols fade into oblivion as the conversation progresses. Existing Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) alignment methods are largely developed for single-turn visual question-answer (VQA) task and often require costly manual preference annotations, limiting their effectiveness and scalability in dialogues. To address this challenge, we present InterSafe-V, an open-source multi-modal dialogue dataset containing 11,270 dialogues and 500 specially designed refusal VQA samples. This dataset, constructed through interaction between several models, is designed to more accurately reflect real-world scenarios and includes specialized VQA pairs tailored for specific domains. Building on this dataset, we propose AM$^3$Safety, a framework that combines a cold-start refusal phase with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) fine-tuning using turn-aware dual-objective rewards across entire dialogues. Experiments on Qwen2.5-VL-7B-Instruct and LLaVA-NeXT-7B show more than 10\% decrease in Attack Success Rate (ASR) together with an increment of at least 8\% in harmless dimension and over 13\% in helpful dimension of MLLMs on multi-modal multi-turn safety benchmarks, while preserving their general abilities.

preprint2026arXiv

Controllable Video Generation: A Survey

With the rapid development of AI-generated content (AIGC), video generation has emerged as one of its most dynamic and impactful subfields. In particular, the advancement of video generation foundation models has led to growing demand for controllable video generation methods that can more accurately reflect user intent. Most existing foundation models are designed for text-to-video generation, where text prompts alone are often insufficient to express complex, multi-modal, and fine-grained user requirements. This limitation makes it challenging for users to generate videos with precise control using current models. To address this issue, recent research has explored the integration of additional non-textual conditions, such as camera motion, depth maps, and human pose, to extend pretrained video generation models and enable more controllable video synthesis. These approaches aim to enhance the flexibility and practical applicability of AIGC-driven video generation systems. In this survey, we provide a systematic review of controllable video generation, covering both theoretical foundations and recent advances in the field. We begin by introducing the key concepts and commonly used open-source video generation models. We then focus on control mechanisms in video diffusion models, analyzing how different types of conditions can be incorporated into the denoising process to guide generation. Finally, we categorize existing methods based on the types of control signals they leverage, including single-condition generation, multi-condition generation, and universal controllable generation. For a complete list of the literature on controllable video generation reviewed, please visit our curated repository at https://github.com/mayuelala/Awesome-Controllable-Video-Generation.

preprint2026arXiv

KGPFN: Unlocking the Potential of Knowledge Graph Foundation Model via In-Context Learning

Knowledge graph (KG) foundation models aim to generalize across graphs with unseen entities and relations by learning transferable relational structure. However, most existing methods primarily emphasize relation-level universality, while in-context learning, the other pillar of foundation models remains under-explored for KG reasoning. In KGs, context is inherently structured and heterogeneous: effective prediction requires conditioning on the local context around the query entities as well as the global context that summarizes how a relation behaves across many instances. We propose KGPFN, a KG foundation model using Prior-data Fitted Network that unifies transferable relational regularities with inference-time in-context learning from structured context. KGPFN first learns relation representations via message passing on relation graphs to capture cross-graph relational invariances. For query-specific reasoning, it encodes local neighborhoods using a multi-layer NBFNet as local context. To enable ICL at global scale, it constructs relation-specific global context by retrieving a large set of instances of the query relation together with their local neighborhoods, and aggregates them within a Prior-Data Fitted Network framework that combines feature-level and sample-level attention. Through multi-graph pretraining on diverse KGs, KGPFN learns when to instantiate reusable patterns and when to override them using contextual evidence. Experiments on 57 KG benchmarks demonstrate that KGPFN achieves strong adaptation to previously unseen graphs through in-context learning alone, consistently outperforming competitive fine-tuned KG foundation models. Our code is available at https://github.com/HKUST-KnowComp/KGPFN.

preprint2026arXiv

LRAS: Advanced Legal Reasoning with Agentic Search

While Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated exceptional logical capabilities in mathematical domains, their application to the legal field remains hindered by the strict requirements for procedural rigor and adherence to legal logic. Existing legal LLMs, which rely on "closed-loop reasoning" derived solely from internal parametric knowledge, frequently suffer from lack of self-awareness regarding their knowledge boundaries, leading to confident yet incorrect conclusions. To address this challenge, we present Legal Reasoning with Agentic Search (LRAS), the first framework designed to transition legal LLMs from static and parametric "closed-loop thinking" to dynamic and interactive "Active Inquiry". By integrating Introspective Imitation Learning and Difficulty-aware Reinforcement Learning, LRAS enables LRMs to identify knowledge boundaries and handle legal reasoning complexity. Empirical results demonstrate that LRAS outperforms state-of-the-art baselines by 8.2-32\%, with the most substantial gains observed in tasks requiring deep reasoning with reliable knowledge. We will release our data and models for further exploration soon.

preprint2026arXiv

MMFCTUB: Multi-Modal Financial Credit Table Understanding Benchmark

The advent of multi-modal language models (MLLMs) has spurred research into their application across various table understanding tasks. However, their performance in credit table understanding (CTU) for financial credit review remains largely unexplored due to the following barriers: low data consistency, high annotation costs stemming from domain-specific knowledge and complex calculations, and evaluation paradigm gaps between benchmark and real-world scenarios. To address these challenges, we introduce MMFCTUB (Multi-Modal Financial Credit Table Understanding Benchmark), a practical benchmark, encompassing more than 7,600 high quality CTU samples across 5 table types. MMFCTUB employ a minimally supervised pipeline that adheres to inter-table constraints and maintains data distributions consistency. The benchmark leverages capacity-driven questions and mask-and-recovery strategy to evaluate models' cross-table structure perception, domain knowledge utilization, and numerical calculation capabilities. Utilizing MMFCTUB, we conduct comprehensive evaluations of both proprietary and open-source MLLMs, revealing their strengths and limitations in CTU tasks. MMFCTUB serves as a valuable resource for the research community, facilitating rigorous evaluation of MLLMs in the domain of CTU.

preprint2026arXiv

NanoResearch: Co-Evolving Skills, Memory, and Policy for Personalized Research Automation

LLM-powered multi-agent systems can now automate the full research pipeline from ideation to paper writing, but a fundamental question remains: automation for whom? Researchers operate under different resource configurations, hold different methodological preferences, and target different output formats. A system that produces uniform outputs regardless of these differences will systematically under-serve every individual user, making personalization a precondition for research automation to be genuinely usable. However, achieving it requires three capabilities that current systems lack: accumulating reusable procedural knowledge across projects, retaining user-specific experience across sessions, and internalizing implicit preferences that resist explicit formalization. We propose NanoResearch, a multi-agent framework that addresses these gaps through tri-level co-evolution. A skill bank distills recurring operations into compact procedural rules reusable across projects. A memory module maintains user- and project-specific experience that grounds planning decisions in each user's research history. A label-free policy learning converts free-form feedback into persistent parameter updates of the planner, reshaping subsequent coordination. These three layers co-evolve: reliable skills produce richer memory, richer memory informs better planning, and preference internalization continuously realigns the loop to each user. Extensive experiments demonstrate that NanoResearch delivers substantial gains over state-of-the-art AI research systems, and progressively refines itself to produce better research at lower cost over successive cycles.

preprint2026arXiv

Reinforcement Learning of Large Language Models for Interpretable Credit Card Fraud Detection

E-commerce platforms and payment solution providers face increasingly sophisticated fraud schemes, ranging from identity theft and account takeovers to complex money laundering operations that exploit the speed and anonymity of digital transactions. However, despite their theoretical promise, the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) to fraud detection in real-world financial contexts remains largely unexploited, and their practical effectiveness in handling domain-specific e-commerce transaction data has yet to be empirically validated. To bridge this gap between conventional machine learning limitations and the untapped potential of LLMs in fraud detection, this paper proposes a novel approach that employs Reinforcement Learning (RL) to post-train lightweight language models specifically for fraud detection tasks using only raw transaction data. We utilize the Group Sequence Policy Optimization (GSPO) algorithm combined with a rule-based reward system to fine-tune language models of various sizes on a real-life transaction dataset provided by a Chinese global payment solution company. Through this reinforcement learning framework, the language models are encouraged to explore diverse trust and risk signals embedded within the textual transaction data, including patterns in customer information, shipping details, product descriptions, and order history. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, with post-trained language models achieving substantial F1-score improvements on held-out test data. Our findings demonstrate that the observed performance improvements are primarily attributable to the exploration mechanism inherent in reinforcement learning, which allows models to discover novel fraud indicators beyond those captured by traditional engineered features.

preprint2026arXiv

Wow, wo, val! A Comprehensive Embodied World Model Evaluation Turing Test

As world models gain momentum in Embodied AI, an increasing number of works explore using video foundation models as predictive world models for downstream embodied tasks like 3D prediction or interactive generation. However, before exploring these downstream tasks, video foundation models still have two critical questions unanswered: (1) whether their generative generalization is sufficient to maintain perceptual fidelity in the eyes of human observers, and (2) whether they are robust enough to serve as a universal prior for real-world embodied agents. To provide a standardized framework for answering these questions, we introduce the Embodied Turing Test benchmark: WoW-World-Eval (Wow,wo,val). Building upon 609 robot manipulation data, Wow-wo-val examines five core abilities, including perception, planning, prediction, generalization, and execution. We propose a comprehensive evaluation protocol with 22 metrics to assess the models' generation ability, which achieves a high Pearson Correlation between the overall score and human preference (>0.93) and establishes a reliable foundation for the Human Turing Test. On Wow-wo-val, models achieve only 17.27 on long-horizon planning and at best 68.02 on physical consistency, indicating limited spatiotemporal consistency and physical reasoning. For the Inverse Dynamic Model Turing Test, we first use an IDM to evaluate the video foundation models' execution accuracy in the real world. However, most models collapse to $\approx$ 0% success, while WoW maintains a 40.74% success rate. These findings point to a noticeable gap between the generated videos and the real world, highlighting the urgency and necessity of benchmarking World Model in Embodied AI.